Table 4.
Regression results for fear and anxiety of covid-19, psychological distress, sleep disturbance and life satisfaction.
| Variables | Psychological distress |
Sleep disturbance |
Life satisfaction |
VIF | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
Model 4 |
Model 5 |
Model 6 |
Model 7 |
Model 8 |
Model 9 |
||
| β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | ||
| Intercept | 3.361⁎⁎⁎ | 2.722⁎⁎⁎ | 2.866⁎⁎⁎ | 2.445⁎⁎⁎ | 1.508⁎⁎⁎ | 2.688⁎⁎⁎ | 2.521⁎⁎⁎ | 2.919⁎⁎⁎ | 2.863 | |
| (0.170) | (0.173) | (0.143) | (0.148) | (0.146) | (0.141) | (0.149) | (0.159) | (0.164) | ||
| Gender | −0.020 | −0.011 | −0.007 | −0.001 | 0.002 | 0.049 | 0.051 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 1.009 |
| (0.043) | (0.041) | (0.036) | (0.035) | (0.032) | (0.036) | (0.036) | (0.035) | (0.035) | ||
| Age | 0.028 | 0.006 | −0.065 | −0.079 | −0.081 | −0.095 | −0.101 | −0.100 | −0.097 | 1.609 |
| (0.064) | (0.061) | (0.054) | (0.052) | (0.048) | (0.053) | (0.053) | (0.052) | (0.052) | ||
| Fields of study | 0.064 | 0.062 | 0.029 | 0.027 | 0.006 | −0.129⁎⁎⁎ | −0.130⁎⁎⁎ | −0.100⁎⁎ | −0.121⁎⁎ | 1.010 |
| (0.043) | (0.041) | (0.036) | (0.035) | (0.032) | (0.035) | (0.035) | (0.035) | (0.035) | ||
| Years of study | 0.026 | 0.040 | 0.060⁎ | 0.069⁎⁎ | 0.055⁎⁎ | 0.017 | 0.021 | 0.027 | 0.025 | 1.570 |
| (0.029) | (0.027) | (0.024) | (0.023) | (0.021) | (0.024) | (0.024) | (0.023) | (0.023) | ||
| Monthly income | 0.003 | 0.012 | 0.038 | 0.036 | 0.036 | 0.107⁎⁎⁎ | 0.107⁎⁎⁎ | 0.107⁎⁎⁎ | 0.105⁎⁎⁎ | 1.061 |
| (0.032) | (0.031) | (0.027) | (0.026) | (0.024) | (0.026) | (0.026) | (0.026) | (0.026) | ||
| Mental health problems | −0.530⁎⁎⁎ | −0.549⁎⁎⁎ | −0.213⁎⁎⁎ | −0.226⁎⁎⁎ | −0.037 | 0.297⁎⁎⁎ | 0.292⁎⁎⁎ | 0.211⁎⁎⁎ | 0.213⁎⁎⁎ | 1.072 |
| (0.059) | (0.057) | (0.050) | (0.049) | (0.046) | (0.049) | (0.049) | (0.050) | (0.050) | ||
| Fear and anxiety of covid-19 | 0.298⁎⁎⁎ | 0.196⁎⁎⁎ | 0.093⁎⁎⁎ | 0.078⁎⁎ | 0.121⁎⁎⁎ | 0.118⁎⁎⁎ | 1.100 | |||
| (0.027) | (0.023) | (0.022) | (0.023) | (0.023) | (0.024) | |||||
| Psychological distress | 0.344⁎⁎⁎ | −0.146⁎⁎⁎ | −0.159⁎⁎⁎ | 1.368 | ||||||
| (0.020) | (0.022) | (0.024) | ||||||||
| Sleep disturbance | 0.037 | 1.277 | ||||||||
| (0.028) | ||||||||||
| N (observations) | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1521 | 1.009 |
| F-value | 14.700⁎⁎⁎ | 31.582⁎⁎⁎ | 4.956⁎⁎⁎ | 15.098⁎⁎⁎ | 52.369⁎⁎⁎ | 11.656⁎⁎⁎ | 11.706⁎⁎⁎ | 16.152⁎⁎⁎ | 14.566⁎⁎⁎ | |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.051 | 0.123 | 0.015 | 0.061 | 0.213 | 0.040 | 0.047 | 0.074 | 0.074 | 1.609 |
| Durbin-Watson | 1.928 | 1.934 | 1.911 | 1.933 | 1.903 | 1.949 | 1.944 | 1.913 | 1.918 | |
Note: results are based on trimmed scales. VIF: variance inflation factor. The figures in parentheses are standard errors.
Variables and correlations with statistical significance were highlighted in bold.
⁎
p < 0.05.
⁎⁎
p < 0.01.
⁎⁎⁎
p < 0.001.