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. 2021 Feb 2;43:101955. doi: 10.1016/j.frl.2021.101955

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics

Firm Type Before After Difference
Obs. Mean Obs. Mean Mean t-value
Clean Energy 3487 0.0032 2970 0.0003 0.0029 3.9144***
Fossil Fuel 4288 0.0008 3621 -0.0009 0.0017 3.8918***

Note: *** p<0.001. Difference measures the difference between the returns before and after the pandemic outbreak: Difference = Mean(Before) – Mean(After).