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. 2022 Nov 15;13:6960. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34723-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a–l Overexpression of ARF17 in the spl mutant rescued the MMC formation. DIC images showing one MMC in WT (a, arrow), no MMC in spl (b), one MMCL in pARF17::mARF17 spl (c, arrow), and one MMCL in spl foc (d, arrow) ovules. e–l Callose deposition (denoted by white asterisks) displaying one MMC undergoing meiosis in WT (e), pARF17::mARF17 spl (g), and spl foc (h) ovules, but no meiosis occurrence in the spl ovule (f). e–h Callose staining. i–l DIC image of e–h. m–p Overexpression of ARF17 in the spl mutant rescued the functional megaspore (FM) formation. DIC images showing FMs in WT (m), ARF17::mARF17 spl (o), and spl foc (p) ovules, but no FM in the spl ovule (n). q–t Requirement of ARF17 for MMC specification. DIC images showing an MMC in the carf17 ovule (q, arrow) but the abnormal megasporogenesis indicated by all degenerated megaspores (DM, r). DIC images showing an MMC in the spl-3 (s, arrow) ovule, but no MMC in the carf17 spl-3 ovule (t). u Quantifications of zero MMC in WT, carf17, spl-3, and carf17 spl-3 ovules from 8 individual plants (n = 8 plants; two-sided Student’s t test; Error bars: SD; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001). Source data are provided as a Source data file. Numbers in the panels denote frequencies of phenotypes shown. Scale bars, 10 µm.