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. 2022 Nov 15;7:67. doi: 10.1038/s41525-022-00336-7

Fig. 1. Some notable public measures outside the medical care realm that have significantly improved population health.

Fig. 1

These measures included quarantine during Black Death epidemic95, hygiene and social distancing in the Crimean war62, the building of mountain sanatoria to cure TB9698, the implementation of a sewage system to overcome London’s Great stink63,64, and the introduction of water filtration and chlorination systems/technologies to clean potable water in the USA99.