Table 2.
Cognitive performance of patients and control subjects.
| Cognitive tests | Control subjects (n = 21) | Non-PND (n = 50) | PND (n = 25) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | After 7 days | Baseline | Postoperative | Baseline | Postoperative | |
| MMSE (score) | 23.14 ± 2.73 | 23.38 ± 2.73 | 24.18 ± 2.58 | 23.51 ± 2.72 | 22.96 ± 2.25 | 19.85 ± 2.17 |
| RAVLT (immediate) | 14.86 ± 4.36 | 15.19 ± 4.20 | 14.43 ± 4.51 | 15.08 ± 4.07 | 14.69 ± 3.52 | 11.92 ± 3.33 |
| RAVLT (delayed) | 27.86 ± 2.71 | 28.90 ± 2.56 | 28.55 ± 2.44 | 28.41 ± 2.49 | 27.19 ± 2.10 | 23.46 ± 2.02 |
| BVMT-R | 9.86 ± 1.35 | 10.48 ± 1.40 | 9.57 ± 1.53 | 10.20 ± 1.50 | 10.96 ± 1.37 | 8.8 ± 1.03 |
| Trail Making A | 74.38 ± 23.67 | 68.00 ± 22.93 | 69.00 ± 21.98 | 71.14 ± 22.25 | 91.31 ± 36.13 | 115.04 ± 41.32 |
| Trail Making B | 93.43 ± 19.31 | 85.05 ± 18.04 | 91.98 ± 26.02 | 90.43 ± 25.55 | 116.08 ± 26.83 | 139.50 ± 27.76 |
| WAIS Digit Span | 8.00 ± 1.41 | 8.10 ± 1.04 | 8.57 ± 1.34 | 8.49 ± 1.16 | 7.54 ± 0.99 | 6.46 ± 0.86 |
| WDSST | 15.33 ± 2.69 | 16.29 ± 2.78 | 16.96 ± 3.03 | 16.02 ± 3.31 | 13.81 ± 1.92 | 10.46 ± 1.92 |
| COWAT | 39.24 ± 5.24 | 40.29 ± 4.82 | 41.20 ± 4.90 | 41.43 ± 4.83 | 35.58 ± 4.66 | 29.42 ± 3.92 |
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation.
PND, perioperative neurocognitive disorders; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; WDSST, WAIS digit symbol substitution test; RAVLT, Rey auditory verbal learning test; BVMT-R, brief visuospatial memory test-revised; COWAT, controlled oral word association test.