Fig 1.

Maternal and pregnancy associated mortality ratios up to 1 year after end of pregnancy, in countries with enhanced surveillance systems (listed from lowest to highest maternal mortality ratio up to 42 days). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Pregnancy associated deaths are those occurring within 1 year of end of pregnancy, regardless of their cause. Maternal deaths are those with cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or coincidental cause. In Norway, Finland, and Italy, pregnancy associated deaths are identified up to 1 year after end of pregnancy, but cases occurring between 43 days and 1 year are not reviewed, which is why late maternal deaths were unavailable. In Denmark and Slovakia, pregnancy associated deaths are identified only up to 42 days after end of pregnancy; accordingly, pregnancy associated deaths up to 1 year and late maternal deaths were unavailable for these two countries. In the Netherlands, results up to 1 year after pregnancy end were considered not reliable as linkage is not used to identify deaths, and they therefore not included. *Maternal deaths between 43 and 365 days after end of pregnancy