Table 2.
Maternal deaths and maternal mortality ratios per 100 000 live births according to enhanced surveillance systems and to vital statistics
| Country and period | Live births | Enhanced surveillance system* | Vital statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | MMR (95%CI) | No | MMR (95%CI) | Underestimation (%)† | |||
| Denmark (2013-17) | 297 835 | 10 | 3.4 (1.6 to 6.2) | 9 | 3.0 (1.4 to 5.7) | 10 | |
| Finland (2008-12) | 301 169 | 22 | 7.3 (4.6 to 11.0) | 11‡ | 3.6 (1.8 to 6.5) | 50 | |
| France (2013-15) | 2 435 583 | 196 | 8.0 (7.0 to 9.3) | 125 | 5.1 (4.2 to 6.1) | 36 | |
| Italy (2013-15) | 1 281 986 | 112 | 8.7 (7.2 to 10.5) | 48 | 3.7 (2.8 to 5.0) | 57 | |
| Netherlands (2014-18) | 856 572 | 40 | 4.7 (3.3 to 6.4) | 25 | 2.9 (1.9 to 4.3) | 38 | |
| Norway (2014-18) | 292 315 | 8 | 2.7 (1.2 to 5.4) | 3 | 1.0 (0.2 to 3.0) | 62 | |
| Slovakia (2014-18) | 283 930 | 31 | 10.9 (7.4 to 15.5) | 12 | 4.2 (2.2 to 7.4) | 61 | |
| UK (2016-18) | 2 261 090 | 217 | 9.6 (8.4 to 11.0) | 95§ | 4.2 (3.4 to 5.1) | 56 | |
CI=confidence interval; MMR=maternal mortality ratio.
*
Maternal mortality up to 42 days after end of pregnancy.
†
Number of maternal deaths up to 42 days according to enhanced surveillance system (ESS)–number of maternal deaths according to vital statistics/number of maternal deaths up to 42 days according to ESS×100.
‡
In Finland, vital statistics do not include suicides as maternal deaths.
§
UK number of maternal deaths from vital statistics from 2015 to 2017