Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of sample’s demographics and measures of interest, by dementia severity, and results of independent t-tests on the differences between the two groups for each outcome of interest
| Mild dementia severity (N = 58) |
Moderate dementia severity (N = 55) |
Independent t-test results |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | t(111) | p | |
| Narrative Language Test | 12.72 | 4.99 | 8.91 | 4.17 | 4.39 | < 0.001 |
| Cornell scale | 6.40 | 6.09 | 2.85 | 3.30 | 3.81 | < 0.001 |
| NPI (total score) | 13.72 | 15.47 | 4.20 | 5.64 | 4.30 | < 0.001 |
| NPI- delirium | 0.14 | 0.63 | 0.36 | 0.82 | -1.36 | 0.10 |
| NPI- hallucinations | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.73 | -2.04 | 0.04 |
| NPI- agitation | 2.09 | 3.24 | 0.51 | 1.08 | 3.43 | < 0.001 |
| NPI- dysphoria | 1.97 | 2.75 | 0.76 | 1.41 | 2.89 | 0.01 |
| NPI- anxiety | 2.09 | 3.32 | 0.62 | 1.56 | 2.97 | 0.01 |
| NPI- euphoria | 0.19 | 0.94 | 0.04 | 0.18 | 1.18 | 0.24 |
| NPI- apathy | 2.21 | 3.83 | 0.58 | 1.53 | 2.30 | 0.01 |
| NPI- disinhibition | 0.76 | 2.03 | 0.27 | 1.19 | 1.53 | 0.12 |
| NPI- irritability | 1.90 | 2.83 | 0.64 | 1.49 | 2.93 | 0.01 |
| NPI- motor disturbances | 0.57 | 1.75 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.39 | 0.02 |
| NPI- sleep disturbances | 0.79 | 2.11 | 0.05 | 0.40 | 2.54 | 0.01 |
| NPI- food issues | 1.05 | 2.46 | 0.15 | 0.62 | 2.65 | 0.01 |
| QoL-AD | 29.59 | 9.45 | 25.09 | 8.68 | 2.67 | 0.01 |
| Loneliness (total score) | 15.81 | 5.11 | 16.82 | 4.05 | -1.15 | 0.25 |
| Social loneliness | 7.36 | 2.88 | 8.38 | 2.54 | -1.98 | 0.04 |
| Emotional loneliness | 8.45 | 3.01 | 8.44 | 2.20 | 0.02 | 0.98 |
NPI: NeuroPsychiatric Inventory; QoL-AD: Quality of Life - Alzheimer’s Disease scale