Table 4.
Hierarchical regression analyses for people with mild dementia, with age, education, gender (step 1), depression (Cornell score, step 2) and scores on Social and Emotional Loneliness subscales (step 3) as predictors for the outcomes of interest. R2, ΔR2, and standardized β concern each step, F concerns the final model
| NLT | NPI-total score | NPI-dysphoria | QoL-AD | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | β | |
| Age | -0.35** | -0.26* | -0.17 | -0.54*** | -0.29** | -0.26** | -0.50*** | -0.33** | -0.44*** | -0.11 | -0.10 | 0.12 |
| Education | 0.39** | 0.37** | 0.38** | 0.05 | 0.003 | -0.01 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.03 | -0.01 |
| Gender^ | 0.32* | 0.28* | 0.28* | 0.03 | -0.08 | -0.07 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 0.07 | -0.06 | -0.06 | -0.01 |
| Cornell | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.67*** | 0.68*** | 0.45*** | 0.50*** | 0.04 | -0.03 | ||||
| Social loneliness | -0.31* | -0.02 | 0.28* | -0.52*** | ||||||||
| Emotional loneliness | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.03 | -0.16 | ||||||||
| R2 | 0.30*** | 0.35*** | 0.40*** | 0.30*** | 0.70*** | 0.71*** | 0.27*** | 0.45*** | 0.52*** | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.33** |
| ΔR2 | 0.30*** | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.30*** | 0.40*** | 0.007 | 0.27*** | 0.18*** | 0.07* | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.30*** |
| F(6,51) = 5.81, p < .001 | F(6,51) = 20.42, p < .001 | F(6,51) = 9.19, p < .001 | F(6,51) = 4.21, p = .002 | |||||||||
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; ^Gender was a dichotomous variable (0 = male; 1 = female). NLT: Narrative Language Test; NPI: NeuroPsychiatric Inventory; QoL-AD: Quality of Life - Alzheimer’s Disease scale