Table 3.

Associations between individual symptom, symptoms combination patterns and counts on frailty in the total sample

	Model 1	P-value	Model 2	P-value	Model 3	P-value
	OR(95%CI)		OR(95%CI)		OR(95%CI)
Individual symptom
Chronic pain
No	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Yes	1.71(1.16,2.51)	0.007	1.53(0.97,2.42)	0.070	1.89(1.05,3.41)	0.033
Depressive symptoms
No	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Yes	2.10(1.24,3.55)	0.006	2.29(1.21,4.35)	0.011	3.11(1.24,7.82)	0.016
Poor sleep quality
No	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Yes	1.79(1.22,2.63)	0.003	1.59(0.99,2.53)	0.053	1.62(0.92,2.84)	0.094
symptom combination patterns
No symptom	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
Chronic pain only	1.82(0.92,3.62)	0.086	1.86(0.83,4.16)	0.133	2.41(0.97,6.04)	0.060
depressive symptoms only	2.09(0.37,11.91)	0.406	1.69(0.24,12.13)	0.600	1.99(0.13,29.64)	0.618
Poor sleep quality only	1.70(1.01,2.84)	0.044	1.53(0.83,2.83)	0.177	1.48(0.70,3.13)	0.301
Chronic pain and depressive symptoms	1.39(0.14,13.83)	0.777	1.00(0.03,31.03)	0.999	1.24(0.03,45.94)	0.906
Poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms	3.25(1.47,7.20)	0.004	4.02(1.57,10.26)	0.004	6.20(1.42,27.03)	0.015
Poor sleep quality and chronic pain	2.49(1.41,4.41)	0.002	2.05(1.04,4.05)	0.038	2.22(0.94,5.24)	0.069
Poor sleep quality and chronic pain and depressive symptoms	4.18(1.73,10.14)	0.002	3.52(1.19,10.44)	0.023	4.79(1.17,19.53)	0.029
Symptom counts
0	1.00	-	1.00	-	1.00	-
1	1.74(1.08,2.81)	0.024	1.61(0.92,2.84)	0.097	1.75(0.90,3.41)	0.099
2	2.63(1.56,4.43)	< 0.001	2.40(1.28,4.50)	< 0.001	2.66(1.21,5.86)	0.015
3	4.18(1.73,10.14)	0.002	3.51(1.19,10.34)	0.023	4.76(1.17,19.35)	0.029

Model 1: no adjusted model

Model 2: adjusting for age, sex, marriage status, educational level, CIRS-G score, polypharmacy, time from admission to assessment and MMSE score

Model 3: adjusting for the covariates in the model 2 plus the interaction of sex and symptoms

OR odd ratio, CI confidence interval

Significance difference P < 0.05 is shown in bold