. 2022 Sep 22;13(11):1276–1299. doi: 10.1039/d2md00263a

Rifamycin modifying enzymes, example of hosts and the antibiotics that they deactivate⁴⁰.

Enzyme	Host	Site modified	Substrate
Glycosyltransferase (RGT)^188,189	Nocardia brasiliensis, Streptomyces pseudogriseolus	23-OH	Rifampicin, rifaximin, rifabutin, rifapentine
Phosphorylation (RPH)¹⁹⁰	Actinobacteria spp., Clostridia spp., Bacillus anthracis, E. faecalis, L. monocytogenes	21-OH	Rifampicin, rifaximin, rifabutin, rifapentine
ADP-ribosylation (Arr)^30,191	M. smegmatis, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, some Enterobacteriaceae	23-OH	Rifampicin, rifaximin, rifabutin, rifapentine
Monooxygenation + decomposition (Rox)^192–194	Nocardia farcinica	Naphthalene moiety	Rifampicin, rifaximin, rifabutin, rifapentine

Rifamycin modifying enzymes, example of hosts and the antibiotics that they deactivate40.