Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation matrix of the study variables.

	Mean (SD)	Cronbach's α	McDonald's ω	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
1. Administrators' support	15.33 (2.68)	0.85	0.85	1.00
2. PNT of online teachinga	40.31 (11.35)	0.88	0.88	−0.30**	1
3. Psychological distress_Time 1b	18.94 (18.92)	0.94	0.95	−0.17**	0.35**	1
4. Psychological distress_Time 2b	18.72 (21.69)	0.96	0.96	−0.15**	0.25**	0.61**	1
5. PSMU_Time 1c	14.09 (4.74)	0.86	0.87	−0.01	0.22**	0.32**	0.21**	1
6. PSMU_Time 2c	13.35 (4.55)	0.88	0.88	−0.08*	0.19**	0.28**	0.35**	0.44**	1
7. PG_Time 1d	12.92 (5.49)	0.95	0.95	−0.19**	0.18**	0.36**	0.26**	0.27**	0.24**	1
8. PG_Time 2d	13.59 (6.22)	0.96	0.96	−0.19**	0.21**	0.32**	0.43**	0.22**	0.44**	0.50**	1

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.

^aPNT of online teaching = Psychological need thwarting of online teaching, assessed using Psychological Need Thwarting Scale of Online Teaching (PNTSOT).

^bAssessed using Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 multiplied by 2.

^cPSMU = Problematic social media use, assessed using Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS).

^dPG = Problematic gaming, assessed using Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9).