Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the included studies.
| First author | Year | Country | Study design | Stage of ONFH | Groups | Inventions | Patients (Hips) | Sex (M: F) | Age (mean ± SD, years) | Follow-up time (mean, months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algarni (25) | 2018 | Arabia | Non-comparative study | ARCO I, II | Conservation | Crutches | 21 (33) | 9:12 | 37.5 | 60 |
| Churchill (26) | 1991 | UK | Non-comparative study | Ficat III | Conservation | Crutches | 29 (35) | 10:19 | 37.5 | 60 |
| Fang (31) | 2020 | China | Comparative study | Ficat I, II | Conservation | Crutches | 30 (41) | 26:4 | 48.1 | 33.5 |
| Surgery | CD+ tantalum | 30 (41) | 26:4 | 44.2 | ||||||
| Huang (27) | 2020 | China | Non-comparative study | ARCO I–IV | Conservation | Crutches | 33 (66) | 9:24 | 42.5 | 178.56 |
| Koo (8) | 1995 | South Korea | RCT | Steinberg I–III | Conservation | Crutches | 19 (19) | 31:2 | 47 | 24–45 |
| Surgery | CD | 18 (18) | ||||||||
| Steinberg (32) | 1990 | USA | Comparative study | Steinberg I–III | Conservation | Crutches | 55 (55) | No | No | 24–48 |
| Surgery | CD | 40 (40) | 30:10 | No | ||||||
| Sun (33) | 2014 | China | Comparative study | ARCO I–III | Conservation | Crutches | 87 (127) | 26:61 | 33 | 74.4 |
| Surgery | Bone graft | 42 (72) | 19:23 | 30.7 | 85.2 | |||||
| Tomaru (18) | 2021 | Japan | Comparative study | JIC A, B, C1, C2 | conservation | Crutches | 33 (33) | 2:31 | 35.7 | 104.4 |
| Surgery | CD | 33 (33) | 2:31 | 35.1 | 70.8 | |||||
| Vulpiani (28) | 2012 | Italy | Non-comparative study | ARCO I–III | Conservation | Crutches | 36 (36) | 23:13 | 48.9 | 24 |
| Wiesmann (29) | 1998 | Germany | Non-comparative study | No | Conservation | Crutches | 17 (24) | 9:8 | 29.41 | 36.47 |
| Wu (30) | 2018 | China | Non-comparative study | ARCO II | Conservation | Crutches | 168 (202) | 141:27 | 47.07 | 91 |
| Stulberg (23) | 1991 | USA | RCT | Ficat | Conservation | Crutches | 17 (26) | No | 38.6 | ≥18 |
| Surgery | CD | 19 (29) | ||||||||
| Wang (34) | 2005 | China | Comparative study | ARCO I–III | Conservation | Crutches | 23 (29) | 20:3 | 39.8 | 25.2 |
| Surgery | CD+ bone graft | 25 (28) | 23:2 | 39.9 | 25.8 | |||||
| Neumayr (24) | 2006 | USA | RCT | Steinberg | Conservation | Crutches | 21 (21) | 11:10 | 26.41 | 80 |
| Surgery | CD | 17 (17) | 8:9 | 24.67 |