Table 2.

Review of literature describing the risk and prevalence of osteoporosis/osteopaenia in HIV patients on HAART therapy

AUTHOR	FINDING
Mondy et al 4	Osteopaenia or osteoporosis was noted in 46% of cases based on the World Health Organisation criteria.
Knobel et al 5	Osteopaenia was noted in 67.5% of cases and osteoporosis in 21.2% of cases.
Tebas Pet et al	50% of cases receiving protease inhibitors had osteopaenia or osteoporosis, compared with 23% of cases not receiving these antiviral drugs.
Cassetti et al 6	Bone mineral density decreases by 2–6% within the first two years after initiation of various ART regimens.
Juliet Compston et al 7	Significant bone loss from the spine and hip occurs during the first 1–2 years after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

ART, antiretroviral therapy; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy.