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. 2022 Nov 17;2022(11):CD010216. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub7

Comparison 4. Nicotine EC versus behavioural support only/no support.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
4.1 Smoking cessation 7 3126 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.66 [1.52, 4.65]
4.2 Adverse events 4 765 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.22 [1.12, 1.32]
4.2.1 12 weeks 2 657 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.20 [1.11, 1.30]
4.2.2 16 weeks 1 50 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.18 [0.67, 2.07]
4.2.3 6 months 1 58 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 11.00 [0.64, 190.26]
4.3 Serious adverse events 9 1993 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.03 [0.54, 1.97]
4.3.1 4 to 6 weeks 2 246 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Not estimable
4.3.2 8 weeks 1 240 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.29 [0.06, 1.35]
4.3.3 12 weeks 2 858 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 3.69 [0.21, 66.17]
4.3.4 16 weeks 1 50 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) Not estimable
4.3.5 6 months 2 307 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.71 [0.16, 3.10]
4.3.6 8 months 1 292 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.78 [0.68, 4.70]
4.4 Carbon monoxide (ppm) 11   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.1 Change from baseline 2   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.4.2 Absolute values at follow‐up 9   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.5 Heart rate (bpm) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.5.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.6 Systolic blood pressure 3 298 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.30 [‐3.91, ‐0.69]
4.6.1 Change from baseline 1 168 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.68 [‐4.38, ‐0.98]
4.6.2 Absolute values at follow‐up 2 130 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.11 [‐3.95, 6.18]
4.7 Blood oxygen saturation 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.7.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8 3‐HPMA (SMD) 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.8.2 Change from baseline 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9 NNAL (SMD) 5   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.9.2 Change from baseline 3   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.10 2‐HPMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.10.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.11 HMPMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.11.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.12 PheT (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.12.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.13 CEMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.13.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.14 AAMA (pmol/mg creatinine) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.14.1 Absolute values at follow‐up 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.15 S‐PMA (nanograms) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.15.1 12 weeks 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.16 FEV1 (SMD) 2 714 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.15 [‐0.01, 0.31]
4.16.1 Change from baseline 2 714 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.15 [‐0.01, 0.31]
4.17 FEF 25‐75 (litres/second)) 2 555 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.06 [‐0.18, 0.06]
4.17.1 Change from baseline 2 555 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.06 [‐0.18, 0.06]
4.18 PEF 25‐75 (litres/minute) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.18.1 Change from baseline 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.19 FEV1/FVC 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
4.19.1 Change from baseline 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected