Bonafont Reyes 2022.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: 'A mixed methods study’ Recruitment: We recruited patients with COPD, aged 21 to 75, listed as current smokers in the NYU Langone Health electronic health record by phone, mail, and MyChart. Participants: patients with COPD. Setting: NYU, USA Study start date: Not reported
Participants	Tota N: 48 Inclusion criteria: moderate COPD (based on the COPD Assessment Test score (CAT)); interested in quitting Exclusion criteria: not reported Female 54%. Mean age 60 (SD 8.2) E‐cigarette use at baseline: Not reported Motivated to quit: Yes
Interventions	EC: no detail reported Arm 1 EC Arm 2 NRT Both groups: Over 12 weeks, participants received 5 counselling sessions and were asked about their COPD symptoms, CC use, EC use, and nicotine withdrawal symptoms. We used Ecological Momentary Assessment (four text messages/day) to assess current EC/NRT and CC use.
Outcomes	12 weeks Combustible cigarette use measured. Dyspnoea COPD symptoms. Mixed methods study assessing the relationship between race/ethnicity and switching from CC to EC; evaluated whether it is mediated by social norms, risk perception, and overall opinions of CC and EC
Study funding	Not reported
Author declarations	Not reported
Notes	Student presentation New to 2022 update
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No detail: “We randomized participants to EC or nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for switching from CC.”
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No detail
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Two active interventions. No detail
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No detail
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Still collecting data. Outcome data not reported. Numbers not reported
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Still collecting data