Fig. 1.
Between-group differences in clinical outcome z-scores across domains. Panels a-g: violin plots show distributions of clinical outcome scores in patients with mild to moderate disability (orange) and those without disability (yellow); Motor, vision, and cognitive symptoms domains are composite scores (see Table 2 for details on individual tests in each domain). Please note, all clinical outcome z-scores are coded such that higher values represent higher impairment (i.e., worse performance, higher symptom severity, or more atrophy). Patients with mild to moderate levels of disability in terms of Expanded disability status scale (EDSS) rating also showed higher scores in all other domains compared to patients with no disability. Panel h: correlation matrix where cells contain Spearman’s correlation coefficients between each pair of clinical outcome scores, computed across all patients. Asterisks indicate significance level: * = pFDR < 0.05, ** = pFDR < 0.01, *** = pFDR < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)