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. 2022 Nov 2;611(7936):554–562. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05378-6

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 9 — a-f Characterization of EC3 axonal firing in environment (env) B. a, Normalized mean Δf/f across space for EC3 axons (n = 808, n = 8 animals) in env B. EC3 axons are ordered according to their peak activity location. b, Fraction of EC3 axons as a function of their peak activity location (env A: n = 7, black; env B: n = 8, red; chi-square test, df = 49, p = 3.79E-36). The track is divided into 50 spatial bins of 3.6 cm each. c, Plot of peak locations for average activity from even laps versus odd laps in env B. d, Histogram of peak activity locations of well-correlated axons, located on the unity line. e, Distribution of Pearson’s correlation coefficients for axon-axon comparisons from data in c. f, Spatial selectivity (max/mean) and axon-axon correlation (odd vs. even laps) as a function of peak activity location. The plus symbols indicate values that lie outside 95% CI generated from 1000 shuffles of n = 808 data points. g-n, Modeling of EC3 axon activity in environment B. g, Transition probabilities and chain density, where P_0,1 was modulated in 1400 chains by a 1 s step that moved iteratively across the lap. Left. Modeling without tuning added. Right. Modeling with tuning added. h, Heat maps of normalized mean chain activity for 50 laps from population of 2000 chains plotted in space. i, Peak-normalized activity across space for 1000 modeled chains. Color plots for odd and even laps are shown separately. Chains are ordered according to their peak location during the odd laps. j, Scatter plot showing chain activity peak locations for averages made from odd and even laps. k, Histogram of peak activity for all chains. l, Histogram of peak activity locations of well-correlated chains. Peak locations on even trials were within 10 cm of odd trials. m, Distribution of Pearson’s correlation coefficients for chain-chain comparisons from data in j. n, Spatial selectivity (max/mean) and chain-chain correlation (odd vs. even laps) as a function of peak activity location. If not indicated otherwise, data are shown as mean +/− SEM.

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