Table 3:

NIH quality assessment of studies

Author Year	Study Population Representative	Sample Size Justified	Sufficient time frame*	Exposure valid and reliable**	Outcome valid and reliable	Loss to follow-up ≤20%	Assessed Confounders
Choi 2013	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Tang 2019	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ojeda 2021	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Sofue 2017	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Tanabe 2016	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Hong 2019	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Arvind 2022	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Agnello 2020	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Kim 2020	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Smereka 2020	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Ranathunga 2022	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Tang 2017	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	NR	Yes
Xing 2018	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No

^*Sufficient timeframe >12 months

^**Independent Review conducted on imaging for LIRADS categorization

All studies defined the research objective, defined the study population, measured exposure prior to outcome ascertainment.

Questions regarding differential exposure, assessing exposure more than once over time, and at least 50% participation were not applicable.