Table 1.
Demographic and socioeconomic associations with sleep arrangement patterns.
| Sleep arrangement pattern 3-to-6 months |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Solitary | Cosleep |
Cosleep to solitary | |
| Mean (SD) n | |||
|
| |||
| Maternal age (yrs.) | 30.16 (3.95) n = 64 | 29.08 (6.50) n = 37 | 30.23 (5.90) n = 22 |
| Paternal age (yrs.) | 32.0 (28.08) n = 62 | 32.47 (6.43) n = 32 | 33.61(6.44) n = 23 |
| Maternal education* | 5.28 (1.71)a n = 64 | 4.24 (2.24)bc n = 37 | 4.91 (1.65)ac n = 23 |
| Paternal education* | 5.03 (1.67) n = 61 | 4.44 (1.93) n = 32 | 5.13 (2.10) n = 23 |
| Annual income** 74,097 (37,632) n = 59 | 60,416 (54,030) n = 34 | 86,435 (69,536) n = 23 | |
| Number of children | 1.89 (0.86) n = 64 | 2.05 (0.94) n = 37 | 1.70 (0.64) n = 22 |
| Space constraints | −0.38 (1.37)a n = 62 | 0.77 (1.73)b n = 36 | −.61 (1.20)a n = 21 |
| Socioeconomic risk | −0.43 (1.89)a n = 59 | 0.69 (2.52)b n = 32 | −.66 (2.89)a n = 23 |
| Solitary | Cosleep | Cosleep to solitary | |
| n (%) of Participants Within Each Sleep Arrangement Pattern | |||
| Mother’s race | |||
| White | 61 (95.3 %)a | 24 (66.7 %)b | 20 (87 %)ab |
| Non-White | 3 (4.7 %) | 12 (33.3) % | 3 (13 %) |
| Father’s race | |||
| White | 57 (93.4 %)a | 22 (71.0 %)b | 19 (90.5 %)ab |
| Non-White | 4 (6.6 %) | 9 (29.0 %) | 2 (9.5 %) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married/ living with partner | 63 (98.4 %) | 33 (89.2 %) | 22 (95.7 %) |
| Single/not living with partner | 1 (1.6 %) | 4 (10.8 %) | 1 (4.3 %) |
| Sex of infant | |||
| Male | 27 (42.2 %) | 14 (37.8 %) | 12 (52.2 %) |
| Female | 37 (57.8 %) | 23 (62.2 %) | 11 (47.8 %) |
| Mother employed? | |||
| Yes | 46 (71.9 %)a | 16 (44.4 %)b | 14 (60.9 %)ab |
| No | 18 (28.1 %) | 20 (55.6 %) | 9 (31.9 %) |
| Father employed? | |||
| Yes | 58 (93.5 %) | 29 (90.6 %) | 0 (100.0 %) |
| No | 4 (6.5 %) | 3 (9.4 %) | 0 (0 %) |
Note: Values in parentheses are standard deviations or percentages. Values with different superscripts differed significantly between sleep arrangement category at α = 0.017, corrected for multiple comparisons.
Highest level of education coded as 1: Did not complete high school; 2: High school graduate; 3: College, no degree; 4: Associate’s degree; 5: Bachelor’s degree; 6: Attended graduate school, no degree; 7: Master’s degree; 8: Doctoral, law, or medical degree.
Annual income expressed in dollars.
Space constraints is a z-score composite of two variables: family size and mothers’ ratings of sleep space inadequacy in the home. Higher scores indicate greater space constraints.
Socioeconomic risk is a standardized composite of income-to-needs ratio and parental education. Higher scores indicate higher socioeconomic risk.