Table 3.
Key studies in chronological order of publication reporting on the interaction of TR and LVAD implantation.
| References | Design | Year | Study groups | N | Main outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piacentino et al. (99) | Retrospective Single institutional |
2011 | LVAD with severe TR -TV procedure -no TV procedure |
34 81 |
Concomitant TV procedure was associated with improved early clinical outcomes. Furthermore, a trend toward improved overall survival was documented for the TV procedure cohort |
| Robertson et al. (103) | Retrospective Registry (STS Database) |
2014 | LVAD (CfLVADs) with >moderate TR -TV procedure -no TV procedure |
588 1,608 |
Concomitant TV procedure during LVAD implantation for moderate to severe TR did not reduce early death or right VAD requirement. Investigators documented overall worse early postoperative outcomes |
| Song et al. (97) | Retrospective Registry (INTERMACS) |
2016 | LVAD (CfLVADs as DT) with >moderate TR -TV procedure -no TV procedure |
215 757 |
Concomitant TV procedure did not result in improved survival with 21%−27% of patients undergoing TV procedure developing recurrent late TR |
| Critsinelis et al. (100) | Retrospective Single institutional |
2018 | LVAD (HM II/HVAD) with severe TR | 59 | Concomitant TV procedure did not impact patient outcomes but did reduce the incidents of 30-day readmission |
| Barac et al. (105) | Retrospective Single institutional |
2020 | LVAD (Durable) and TV procedure | 156 | 37.8% of patients undergoing TV ring annuloplasty at the time of LVAD implantation had recurrent TR at intermediate follow-up. This was independently associated with late right heart failure |
| Veen et al. (94) | Retrospective Registry (EUROMACS) |
2021 | LVAD (uncorrected TR) -mild to moderate -moderate to severe |
1,690 806 |
Uncorrected TR was associated with increased early as well as late mortality. On average TR was seen to diminish progressively following LVAD implantation. Investigators suggested TR grade should not be the sole criterion for patient selection for TV procedure |
TR, tricuspid regurgitation; TV, tricuspid valve; LVAD, left ventricular assist device: HM2, heartmate 2; HM3, heartmate 3; HVAD, heartware ventricular assist device.