TABLE 1.
Ca2+ imaging methods applied to the study of Huntington’s disease.
| Imaging technique | Type of preparation | Spatial resolution | Equipment cost | Tissue damage | HD papers published |
| Confocal or 2-PLSM | Cell cultures or slices | Individual cells, organelles | Tissue no longer intact in in vitro systems of dissociated cells or brain slices | Fernandes et al., 2007; Lim et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2013; Jiang et al., 2016; Fernandez-Garcia et al., 2020; Oikonomou et al., 2021 | |
| Head-fixed (freely moving limbs) | Individual neurons (depth of ∼1 mm) | Inflammation; potential damage to dura and cortical surface during craniotomy and cranial window implantation | Burgold et al., 2019; Donzis et al., 2020 | ||
| Fiber photometry | Freely-moving | Population signal (depth ∼2 mm) | $ | Inflammation; tissue displacement by optic fiber implantation (200 μm diameter fiber) | Koch et al., 2022 |
| Miniscope | Freely-moving | Individual neurons (depth ∼150 μm from GRIN lens) | $– | Inflammation; tissue displacement due to GRIN lens implantation (0.5–1.0 mm diameter lens) | No papers yet Proof-of-concept |