Figure 3.

Environmentally mediated infectious disease burden by latitude

(A) Latitudinal gradients in environmentally mediated infectious disease DALYs as a proportion of all category I.A: “Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions: Infectious and parasitic diseases” DALYs tracked by WHO's Global Health Estimates study in 2015. Countries at lower latitudes have a higher proportion of their disease burdens caused by environmental pathogens. (B) Latitudinal gradients in total environmentally mediated infectious disease DALYs per 1000 people in 2015. Each circle represents one country and the size of the circle is proportional to each country's per capita gross domestic product (sourced from World Bank 2015 World Bank Open Data). Poorer countries in all latitudinal bands (smaller dots) carry higher (A) proportions as well as (B) total burdens of environmentally mediated infectious disease. The purple bands represent three groupings of latitude (absolute degrees): tropical (0 to 23·5 degrees), subtropical (23·5 to 40 degrees), and temperate areas (over 40 degrees). DALY=disability-adjusted life year.