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. 2022 Nov 7;28(41):5910–5930. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i41.5910

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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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The latest epidemiological data on the major complications of liver cirrhosis. The prevalence of covert hepatic encephalopathy depends on the means of diagnosis, the stage of cirrhosis, the underestimation of HE, and the presence of other factors affecting the prevalence. For the prevalence of infections, these data were obtained from the Nationwide Readmissions Database; therefore, the total population included readmissions. SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; CHE: Covert hepatic encephalopathy; OHE: Overt hepatic encephalopathy; AKI: Acute kidney injury; HRS: Hepatorenal syndrome; MDRO: Multidrug-resistant organisms.