Table 5.

The result of the mediating effect model.

Mediating variable		Effect	Coefficient	Standard error	95% confidence interval
					Lower limit	Upper limit
Health literacy	Outpatient visits	Indirect	0.071**	(0.03)	0.007	0.136
		Direct	0.384***	(0.11)	0.171	0.597
Health risk perception	Physical examination	Indirect	0.131**	(0.07)	0.002	0.260
		Direct	0.334***	(0.13)	0.080	0.589
	Smog Baidu index	Indirect	0.122***	(0.05)	0.030	0.214
		Direct	0.343***	(0.12)	0.116	0.570

^* p < 0.1, ^** p < 0.05, ^*** p < 0.01; Standard errors are shown in parentheses.