Table 4.

Prior evidence for genes implicated by aggregated tissue-phenotype association analysis

Locus	Product	Addiction phenotype	Prior associations
SEPTIN2	Septin 2	Family alcoholism	Neurofibrillary tangle properties, CSF IL-8 level, diffusion barrier for cilium (1–3)
ZNF304	Zinc finger protein 304	Cannabis craving	Transcription factor(4)
SSPOP	SCO-spondin pseudogene	Nicotine dependence	Pseudogene, transcript affects neurite outgrowth (5, 6)
LY75	CD205	Cannabis dependence	Unipolar depression, mathematical ability, lymphocyte antigen processing (7–9)
MTRF1L	Mitochondrial translational release factor 1-like	Cannabis dependence	Mitochondrial electron transport and amygdala volume (10, 11)
CCDC66	Coiled-coil domain containing 66	Cannabis craving	Interacts with microtubules, cognitive function measurement, mathematical ability (9, 12)
PPIE	Peptidylprolyl isomerase E	Family alcoholism	Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase which affects protein folding (13)
CIAO3	Cytosolic iron-sulfur assembly component 3	Alcohol dependence	Iron binding (14)
RRP7A	Ribosomal RNA processing 7 homolog A	Cannabis dependence	Microcephaly and neurogenesis, rRNA processing (15)
SLC7A9	Solute carrier family 7 member 9	Nicotine dependence	Cystinuria, amino acid transporter (16, 17)
RPL36AL	Ribosomal protein L36a Like	Family alcoholism and alcohol dependence	Behavioral disinhibition measurement (negative urgency) (18, 19)
FOXN2	Forkhead box N2	Family alcoholism	Autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia (combined), transcription factor, Alzheimer's age of onset, math ability, handedness (9, 20–23)
MTERF4	Mitochondrial transcription termination factor 4	Family alcoholism	Mitochondrial ribosomal biogenesis (24)
RPS23	Ribosomal protein S23	Nicotine dependence	Ribosomal protein, brachycephaly, trichomegaly, and developmental delay (25)
GMNT	Glycine methyltransferase	Family alcoholism	Enzyme to regulate the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine, detoxification pathway in liver cells (26)
ERV3-1	Endogenous retrovirus group 3 member 1, envelope	Family alcoholism	Down regulated in choriocarcinoma (27)
APIP	APAF1 interacting protein	Alcohol dependence	Suppresses mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis (28)
COA5	Cytochrome C oxidase assembly factor 5	Nicotine dependence	Mitochondrial complex IV assembly factor (29)
HLA-B	Major histocompatibility complex, class I, B	Alcohol dependence	Immune response, depression, schizophrenia, smoking behavior, autism spectrum, anxiety (30–34)

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