FIGURE 1.

High‐pressure chromatography‐coupled small‐angle X‐ray scattering setup. Ambient pressure buffer (blue) is pressurized (red) and pumped into a temperature‐controlled chamber containing the injection valve, sample holding loop, and chromatography column. After injection, sample passes through the column into a single‐crystal sapphire capillary in the detector vacuum chamber where it is exposed to X‐rays. Uniform hydrostatic pressure through the capillary is maintained using a dome‐style back‐pressure regulator controlled by a pressure amplifier. The flow‐dependent hydrostatic pressure drop across the column is the difference between inlet pressure (P _inlet) and the regulated back pressure (P _BPR)