TABLE 5.

Effects of inhibition of signaling molecules or genetic manipulations on KOR agonist-induced CPA, hypolocomotion and motor incoordination.

Inhibition of signaling or genetic manipulation	CPA	Inhibition of novelty- induced hyperlocomotion	Motor incoordination in the rotarod test
PKC inhibition with chelerythrine (Liu et al., 2020)	Reduced CPA	Reduced hypolocomotion	Reduced motor incoordination
mTOR inhibition (Liu et al., 2018, 2019)	Inhibited CPA	No effect	No effect
β-arrestin2-/- mice (White et al., 2015)	Same as the WT	Same as the WT	Lower than the WT
K4A mice (Huang et al., 2022)	Males, Same as the WT; Females, lower than the WT	Males and females, same as the WT	ND

ND, not determined.