Table 2.

Options for further study and training for dental graduates.

Program	Duration (mode)	Discipline
Hong Kong
Master of Dental Surgery (MDS)	3 years (full-time)	• Endodontics • Paediatric Dentistry • Periodontology • Prosthodontics • Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
Master of Science (MSc)	1 year (full-time) 2 years (part-time)	• Community Dentistry • Dental Materials Science • Implant Dentistry • Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology & Diagnostic Imaging
Advanced Diploma in Dental Surgery (AdvDipDS)	2 years (part-time)	• Orthodontics
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)	2 years (full-time) 3 years (part-time)	• Fields related to Dentistry
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)	4 years (full-time) 6 years (part-time)	• Fields related to Dentistry
Japan
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)	4 years (full-time)	• Fields related to Dentistry
Mainland China
Postgraduate program	3 years (full-time)	• Endodontics • Paediatric Dentistry • Periodontology • Preventive Dentistry • Prosthodontics • Orthodontics • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
On-the-job postgraduate training	3-6 years (part-time)	• Endodontics • Paediatric Dentistry • Periodontology • Preventive Dentistry • Prosthodontics • Orthodontics • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
National standardized residency training	3 years (full-time)	• Fields related to Dentistry
Advanced education program Visiting dentists	At least 6 months (full-time)	• Fields related to Dentistry