Table 1.
Prevalence of colorectal neoplasia, advanced neoplasia, and colorectal cancer in the cohort according to risk factors
| All subjects | Colorectal neoplasia* | Advanced neoplasia | Cancer | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 29,504) | (n = 14,677) | (n = 2324) | (n = 462) | ||||
| n (%) | Prevalence (%) | p value | Prevalence (%) | p value | Prevalence (%) | p value | |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||||
| Female | 15,710 (53.2) | 6557 (44.7) | < 0.001 | 897 (38.6) | < 0.001 | 220 (47.6) | 0.017 |
| Male | 13,794 (46.8) | 8120 (55.3) | 1427 (61.4) | 242 (52.4) | |||
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 63.53 (7.47) | 64.55 (7.00) | < 0.001 | 66.05 (6.58) | < 0.001 | 67.62 (6.19) | < 0.001 |
| Age groups, y, n (%) | |||||||
| < 50 | 1295 (4.4) | 379 (2.6) | < 0.001 | 30 (1.3) | < 0.001 | 2 (0.4) | < 0.001 |
| 50–60 | 7087 (24.0) | 2985 (20.3) | 332 (14.3) | 49 (10.6) | |||
| 60–70 | 14,690 (49.8) | 7691 (52.4) | 1241 (53.4) | 225 (48.7) | |||
| ≥ 70 | 6432 (21.8) | 3622 (24.7) | 721 (31.0) | 186 (40.3) | |||
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 24.95 (3.27) | 25.19 (3.26) | < 0.001 | 25.28 (3.26) | < 0.001 | 25.24 (3.48) | 0.052 |
| BMI groups, kg/m2, n (%) | |||||||
| < 28 | 24,769 (84.0) | 12,084 (82.3) | < 0.001 | 1884 (81.1) | < 0.001 | 367 (79.4) | 0.009 |
| ≥ 28 | 4735 (16.0) | 2593 (17.7) | 440 (18.9) | 95 (20.6) | |||
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||||
| Never | 22,305 (75.6) | 10,283 (70.1) | < 0.001 | 1552 (66.8) | < 0.001 | 354 (76.6) | 0.644 |
| Current or past** | 7199 (24.4) | 4394 (29.9) | 772 (33.2) | 108 (23.4) | |||
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | |||||||
| Never or occasional | 26,170 (88.7) | 12,534 (85.4) | < 0.001 | 1901 (81.8) | < 0.001 | 396 (85.7) | 0.049 |
| Weekly | 3334 (11.3) | 2143 (14.6) | 423 (18.2) | 66 (14.3) | |||
| Regular activity***, n (%) | |||||||
| Yes | 13,460 (45.6) | 7033 (47.9) | < 0.001 | 1190 (51.2) | < 0.001 | 260 (56.3) | < 0.001 |
| No | 16,044 (54.4) | 7644 (52.1) | 1134 (48.8) | 202 (43.7) | |||
| Educational level, n (%) | |||||||
| Low | 6671 (22.6) | 3254 (22.2) | 0.199 | 466 (20.1) | 0.007 | 86 (18.6) | 0.1 |
| Intermediate | 19,535 (66.2) | 9771 (66.6) | 1581 (68.0) | 318 (68.8) | |||
| High | 3298 (11.2) | 1652 (11.3) | 277 (11.9) | 58 (12.6) | |||
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||||
| Married or living with significant other | 28,215 (95.6) | 14,047 (95.7) | 0.541 | 2222 (95.6) | 1 | 441 (95.5) | 0.942 |
| Living alone | 1289 (4.4) | 630 (4.3) | 102 (4.4) | 21 (4.5) | |||
| FIT test (%) | |||||||
| Negative | 9205 (31.2) | 4392 (29.9) | < 0.001 | 466 (20.1) | < 0.001 | 104 (22.5) | < 0.001 |
| Positive | 20,299 (68.8) | 10,285 (70.1) | 1858 (79.9) | 358 (77.5) | |||
| HRFQ (%) | |||||||
| Negative | 16,044 (54.4) | 8141 (55.5) | < 0.001 | 1503 (64.7) | < 0.001 | 281 (60.8) | 0.006 |
| Positive | 13,460 (45.6) | 6536 (44.5) | 821 (35.3) | 181 (39.2) | |||
BMI Body mass index, FIT Faecal immunochemical test
* Colorectal neoplasia includes adenoma, advanced neoplasia and cancer. Advanced neoplasia includes colorectal cancer, any colorectal adenoma that has a size of ≥ 10 mm in diameter, high-grade dysplasia, villous or tubulovillous histologic characteristics, or any combination thereof
**Current smoking denotes ≥ 1 pack of cigarettes/week
***Regular activity denotes at least 30 min of exercise more than once weekly over the last year