TABLE 3.
Effect of Yijinjing combined with resistance exercise on body composition in the study’s participant.
| Body composition |
Control (n = 21) | Difference from baseline |
Exercise (n = 26) | Difference from baseline |
P-value |
P-value |
P-value |
| Group−time interaction |
Time | Group | |||||
| Weight (kg) | 0.025 | 0.002 | 0.958 | ||||
| Baseline | 63.8 ± 10.3 (59.1–68.5) | 64.7 ± 9.8 (60.7–68.6) | 0.776 | ||||
| three months | 63.3 ± 10.9 (58.3–68.3) | −0.6 ± 1.6 (−1.3 to 0.2) | 63.6 ± 9.9 (59.6–67.6)a | −1.1 ± 1.4 (−1.7 to −0.6) | 0.927 | ||
| six months | 63.6 ± 11.2 (58.5–68.7) | −0.2 ± 2.2 (−1.2 to −0.8) | 63.0 ± 9.4 (59.2–66.8)b | −1.7 ± 1.9 (−2.5 to −0.9)e | 0.831 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.031 | 0.003 | 0.549 | ||||
| Baseline | 23.9 ± 2.7 (22.7–25.1) | 24.7 ± 3.0 (23.4–25.9) | 0.380 | ||||
| three months | 23.7 ± 2.7 (22.4–24.9) | −0.2 ± 0.7 (−0.6 to 0.1) | 24.2 ± 3.0 (23.0–25.4)a | −0.4 ± 0.6 (−0.7 to −0.2) | 0.517 | ||
| six months | 23.8 ± 2.8 (22.5–25.1) | −0.1 ± 0.9 (−0.5 to 0.3) | 24.0 ± 2.8 (22.9–25.1)b | −0.7 ± 0.8 (−1.0 to −0.3)e | 0.808 | ||
| Waist−to−hip ratio | 0.530 | 0.742 | 0.904 | ||||
| Baseline | 0.90 ± 0.05 (0.88–0.92) | 0.90 ± 0.05 (0.88–0.92) | 0.869 | ||||
| three months | 0.90 ± 0.05 (0.88–0.92) | −0.00 ± 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.90 ± 0.06 (0.88–0.93) | 0.01 ± 0.05 (−0.02 to 0.03) | 0.794 | ||
| six months | 0.90 ± 0.05 (0.88–0.93) | 0.01 ± 0.03 (−0.01 to 0.02) | 0.90 ± 0.05 (0.87–0.92) | 0.00 ± 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.637 | ||
| Body fat rate (%) | 0.350 | 0.206 | 0.294 | ||||
| Baseline | 32.3 ± 6.0 (29.5–35.0) | 34.9 ± 6.7 (32.2–37.6) | 0.171 | ||||
| three months | 32.5 ± 6.9 (29.3–35.6) | 0.2 ± 1.5 (−0.5 to 0.9) | 34.0 ± 6.1 (31.5–36.5) | −0.9 ± 3.1 (−2.2 to 0.3) | 0.423 | ||
| six months | 32.2 ± 6.6 (29.2–35.2) | −0.1 ± 1.4 (−0.7 to 0.5) | 33.8 ± 5.7 (31.6–36.1) | −1.1 ± 3.1 (−2.3 to 0.2) | 0.363 | ||
| Skeletal muscle index (kg/m2) | 0.508 | 0.177 | 0.910 | ||||
| Baseline | 14.7 (13.6,16.0) | 14.8 (14.0,16.3) | 0.966 | ||||
| three months | 14.7 (13.7,16.0) | 0.0 (−0.4,0.0) | 14.5 (13.8,16.2) | −0.1 (−0.4,0.1) | 0.949 | ||
| six months | 14.7 (14.0,15.8) | −0.1 (−0.4,0.3) | 14.5 (13.9,16.2) | −0.1 (−0.4,0.2) | 0.847 | ||
Values are presented as means ± SD (95% confidence interval) or median (25%,75%) (if data are not normally distributed). a: Significant difference between baseline and three months in the same group; b: Significant difference between baseline and six months in the same group; c: Significant difference between three and six months in the same group; d: The difference value between three months and baseline values was significant between the two groups; e: The difference value between three months and six months values was significant between the two groups. Bolded values are significant.