Table 1.

Summary of synthesis and applications of biomimetic nanomaterials, especially in biomedicine

Biomolecule	Nanomaterials	Synthetic method	Application	Refs
DNA	DNA-Micellar nanoparticles	Molecule–molecule interactions	Treating eye infections	[54]
	Ca2+/(Alg/PEI/DNA) nanoparticles	Molecule–molecule interactions	Gene therapy for cancer	[57]
	DNA nanoparticles	Molecule–molecule/material recognition	Drug-resistance	[58]
	DNA nanoparticles	Molecule–molecule/material recognition	Tumor-targeted delivery	[59]
	DNA Nanofiber	Molecule-mediated nucleation and growth	–	[60]
	DNA Nanofiber	Molecule–molecule interactions	Traceable gene delivery	[61]
	DNA-Linked Nanoparticle Films	Molecule-mediated nucleation and growth	Traceable gene delivery	[62]
	Au NP-embedded SDNA thin films	Drop-casting method	UV photodetectors	[65]
	DNA-derived carbon dots	Hydrothermal synthesis	Electrochemical sensing	[67]
RNA	RNA triangular nano-scaffolds	Molecule–molecule interactions	Treating myocardial infarction	[71]
	RNA nanoparticles	Molecule–molecule/material recognition	–	[72]
Peptide	Exosome/PGN hydrogel	Molecule–molecule interactions	Treating myocardial infarction	[84]
	Nano micelles	Molecule–molecule interactions	Targeting drug delivery system for breast cancer treatment	[86]
Protein	CUR/PTX@RSF/zein nanospheres	Molecule-mediated nucleation and growth	Cancer treatment	[87]
	rGO/BSA-AuNC platform	Biomolecule-medicated oxidization/reduction process	Detection of activity and concentration of trypsin	[89]
PDA	PDA-PSB co-deposition surface coating	co-deposition	Anti-fouling coating of neural probes	[91]
	PDA-Pt nanocomposite	Biomolecule-medicated oxidization/reduction process	Catalysis	[95]
Enzyme	FePorMOF/Gox CL system	FeP/ C nanosheets	Chemiluminescence	[97]
	silica@CAT/ZIF-8 nanocomposites	–	Biocatalyst	[98]
	TaOx@CAT NPs	A one-pot method	Radiotherapy	[99]