Table 2.

Summary of biomolecule-mimetic nanomaterials for PTT and PDT applications

Biomolecule	Nanomaterials	method	Advantage	Type of cancer cell
Peptide	AuNPs	PTT	Enhances the PTT efficiency of gold nanoparticles for furin-related cancer	MDA-MB-468 cell	[106]
	pH-sensitively zwitterionic polypeptide conjugated GNRs	PTT	Excellent biocompatibility against normal and cell pH-sensitively released the drugs under tumoral acid condition	HeLa cells	[107]
	cRGD@TAT-DINPs	CT/PTT/PDT	Excellent biological stability, combining multiple treatment methods	MDA-MB-231 and A549 cell	[131]
	CD133-Pyro	PDT	More effective targeted and intraocyric accumulation effects	Colorectal cancer cells	[132]
	IR780-M-APP NPs	PDT/immunotherapy	Targeted tumors and eradicated the metastatic and invasive tumors effectively	B16F10 cell	[134]
Protein	E72-Chitosan-Ag3AuS2 hybrid hydrogel	PTT	High biocompatibility and photothermal conversion efficiency	Tongue cancer cell	[109]
	BSA-Ag2S NPs	PTT	Biocompatibility	HeLa cells	[110]
	Tf-RuNPs	PTT	Biocompatibility and stability	HEK-293 cell	[111]
	Ce6/Cyt c @ZIF-8/HA NPs	PDT	Overcomes the PDT induced hypoxia to further increase PDT efficiency	HeLa cell and SMMC7721 cell	[135]
	Bioinspired oxygen nanocarrier (C@HPOC)	PDT	Destroyed the primary tumors and effectively inhibited distant tumors and lung metastasis	4T1 tumor cells	[136]
	FA/PtBSA@MB-MSNS nanopolymers	PDT	Overcomes the PDT induced hypoxia to further increase PDT efficiency	4T1 tumor cells	[137]
PDA	PhMOSN@DOX-HA	PTT/CL	Biocompatible and biodegradable	4T1 tumor cell	[114]
	MoSe2@PDA nanocomposites	PTT/CL	High loading efficiency and pH-responsive Dox release effect	U14 cell	[115]
	PDA@DOX NPs	PTT/CL	Targeted and high drug load	4 T1 tumor cell	[116]
	PDA-Dox-Pc-QRH NPs	PDT/CT	Chemical photodynamic combined targeted therapy	A431 cell	[138]
	MnO2-PDA nanoshell	PDT/CT	Has the effect of alleviating tumor hypoxia and enhancing the PDT effect	B16F10 cell	[139]
RNA	CuS-RNP/DOX@PEI	PTT/GT/ CT	Provides a potential strategy to reduce tumor thermal tolerance for enhanced mild-PTT effects	A375 cell	[119]
	PPTC/siRNA	PDT	ROS-responsive siRNA release mode, PDT combined with RNAi to improve the therapeutic efficiency	HepG2 cells	[144]
DNA	DNA-UCNP-Au hydrogels	PTT	Low cytotoxicity and injectable properties allow local therapy to precisely target the tumor site	T24 bladder cancer cell	[121]
	UCNP-ApDz-TMPyP4 Nanoplatform	PTT	Combining PDT with gene therapy shows excellent antitumor effect	Catalysis	[141]
	DNA Nanosponge	PDT/GT	Effective against hypoxia-related photodynamic resistance during PDT in vivo with good biocompatibility	HeLa cells	[142]
Enzyme	GOIGLs (GOx)	PTT	Achieves milder PTT with good biocompatibility	A549 cell	[124]
	PMF−GOx	PTT/CDT	Fenton reaction and moderatehyperthermia cancer treatment together	MCF-7 tumor cell	[125]
	NC@GOx NPs	PTT/CDT	Combination therapy of starvation therapy, PTT and CDT for tumors	4T1 tumor cell	[126]
	MYR@HGNs (MYR)	PTT	Protect and activate the encapsulated enzymes for localized chemo-photothermal therapy	4T1 tumor cell	[127]
	HA-CAT@aCe6 (CAT))	PDT	Overcome tumor cell hypoxia during PDT and improve the therapeutic effect of PDT	MDA-MB-231 cell	[146]
	GOx-MSN@MnPc-LP	PDT	Good enzyme activity, and good therapeutic effect and safety through the synergistic treatment	4T1 tumor cell	[147]
	nanogel	PDT	Provide a new method for constructing combinatorial therapeutics with good tumor targeting ability and efficient anti-cancer effect	4T1 tumor cell	[148]