Table 1.
Basic magnetic resonance (MR) urography protocola
| Localizer |
| HASTE sagittal |
| HASTE coronal |
| T2 TSE axial kidneys (use radial sequence in older children) |
| T1 IR coronal (use radial version in older kids) |
| 3-D T2 triggered coronal |
| 2-D TSE axial (bladder) |
| 3-D dynamic coronal (faster is better, use golden angle sequence in older children if available) |
| POST |
| Young children |
| 3-D GRE sagittal (~isotropic resolution) |
| 3-D GRE coronal (~isotropic resolution) |
| Older sedated/non-cooperative children |
| 3-D axial radial sequence (2 stations) |
| Older non-sedated/cooperative children |
| 3-D GRE breath-hold sagittal |
| 3-D GRE breath-hold coronal |
| All subjects |
| 2-D axial HASTE (kidneys) |
GRE gradient recalled echo, HASTE half-Fourier acquisition turbo spin echo, IR inversionrecovery, TSE turbo spin echo.
a
Intravenous (IV) furosemide is given approximately 20 min before gadolinium-based contrast agent. Power injection rate depends on IV size, patient size and temporal resolution of dynamic series. The dynamic series should run for at least 5 min and preferably 8 min