Table 1. Descriptive Statistics of Four Aromatic Amines Excreted in the 24 h Urine of Day 3 by User/Non-User Groupsa.
| biomarker | NU | CC | EC | HTP | NRT | OT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| o-Tol (ng/24 h) | <LOD, n of Nb | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 |
| mean ± SD | 60.2 ± 15.4 | 150.2 ± 61.9 | 43.9 ± 18.6 | 85.8 ± 40.9 | 50.0 ± 24.8 | 65.7 ± 20.6 | |
| median (IQR)c | 64.2 (49.8–73.1) | 130.7 (104.5–190.1) | 37.2 (32.2–54.6) | 68.3 (52.7–109.8) | 51.1 (30.0–70.9) | 68.6 (53.6–81.9) | |
| min–max | 30.4–77.2 | 91.0–260.7 | 24.3–85.9 | 45.8–176.0 | 11.4–89.9 | 22.9–88.9 | |
| different fromd | CC | NU, EC, HTP, NRT, OT | CC, HTP, OT | CC, EC, NRT | CC, HTP | CC, EC | |
| 2-AN (ng/24 h) | <LOD, n of Nb | 8 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 9 of 20 | 7 of 20 | 3 of 20 | 6 of 20 |
| mean ± SD | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 25.7 ± 14.4 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | |
| median (IQR)c | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 20.1 (12.5–39.1) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 1.8 (0.7–2.2) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | |
| min–max | 0.4–3.9 | 10.0–48.9 | 0.2–3.2 | 0.6–3.2 | 0.4–2.5 | 0.6–3.7 | |
| different fromd | CC | NU, EC, HTP, NRT, OT | CC | CC | CC | CC | |
| 3-ABP (ng/24 h) | <LOD, n of Nb | 12 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 15 of 20 | 10 of 20 | 12 of 20 | 11 of 20 |
| mean ± SD | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 3.6 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | |
| median (IQR)c | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 5.3 (3.7–9.5) | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 0.9 (0.5–1.1) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 0.5 (0.4–0.9) | |
| min–max | 0.4–1.1 | 2.6–13.7 | 0.2–0.7 | 0.2–1.2 | 0.2–0.9 | 0.2–1.2 | |
| different fromd | CC | NU, EC, HTP, NRT, OT | CC, HTP | CC, EC | CC | CC | |
| 4-ABP (ng/24 h) | <LOD, n of Nb | 0 of 20 | 0 of 20 | 2 of 20 | 1 of 20 | 2 of 20 | 0 of 20 |
| mean ± SD | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 18.5 ± 9.9 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | |
| median (IQR)c | 2.3 (1.9–3.2) | 14.7 (9.5–28.2) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 3.2 (2.3–4.3) | 2.0 (1.2–2.8) | 2.5 (2.1–3.2) | |
| min–max | 1.5–3.2 | 8.3–36.5 | 0.8–3.0 | 1.0–4.9 | 1.0–3.7 | 1.2–4.3 | |
| different fromd | CC | NU, EC, HTP, NRT, OT | CC, HTP, OT | CC, EC | CC | CC, EC |
a
24 h Urine of Day 3: results were calculated from the last two urine fractions shown in the time courses of Figure 2.
b
n = number of samples <LOD of all evaluated samples (N) in a group; note that the 24 h urine of Day 3 is the sum of two urine fractions which were analyzed separately; for the group statistics, values <LOD were set to 0.5 × LOD.
c
IQR: interquartile range (25th–75th percentile).
d
Statistically significant differences (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.05) to the other groups are indicated.