Table-1.
Descriptive statistics for socio-demographic variables and covariates for total sample (N = 1021).
| Total Sample (N = 1021) n (%) or mean (std. dev.) |
Did not need Healthcare for Self of Child (N = 691) n (%) or mean (std. dev.) |
Needed Healthcare for Self or Child (N = 330) n (%) or mean (std. dev.) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | 23.97 (2.98) | 24.14 (3.01) | 23.60 (2.86) | |
| Years of education | 11.43 (3.15) | 11.36 (3.17) | 11.58 (3.10) | |
| Religion | Hindu | 943 (92.36%) | 636 (92.04%) | 307 (93.03%) |
| Non-Hindu | 78 (7.64%) | 55 (7.96%) | 23 (6.97%) | |
| Caste | Scheduled Caste | 47 (4.60%) | 31 (4.49%) | 16 (4.85%) |
| Scheduled Tribe | 36 (3.53%) | 24 (3.47%) | 12 (3.64%) | |
| Other Backwards Class (OBC)a | 220 (21.55%) | 136 (19.68%) | 84 (25.45%) | |
| General | 718 (70.32%) | 500 (72.36%) | 218 (66.06%) | |
| Parity | No child | 158 (15.48%) | 103 (14.91%) | 55 (16.67%) |
| 1 child | 549 (53.77%) | 352 (50.94%) | 197 (59.70%) | |
| 2 or more children | 314 (30.75%) | 236 (34.15%) | 78 (23.64%) | |
| Any household member tested positive for COVID or showed symptoms of COVID | No | 969 (94.91%) | 659 (95.37%) | 310 (93.94%) |
| Yes | 52 (5.09%) | 32 (4.63%) | 20 (6.06%) | |
| Average monthly household income (in Rs.) | 24,399.61 (42,337.71) | 24,342.98 (38,266.65) | 24518.18 (49,860.97) | |
| Faced economic hardships during the pandemic | No | 449 (44.98%) | 322 (46.60%) | 127 (38.48%) |
| Yes | 572 (56.02%) | 369 (53.40%) | 203 (61.52%) | |
| Concerned that healthcare is only being directed to COVID-19 and not to other concerns (Exposure-1) | No | 895 (87.66%) | 624 (90.30%) | 271 (82.12%) |
| Yes | 126 (12.34%) | 67 (9.70%) | 59 (17.88%) | |
| Burden of domestic responsibilities increased during the pandemic (Exposure-2) | No | 345 (33.79%) | 258 (37.34%) | 87 (26.36%) |
| Yes -for 1 responsibility | 219 (21.45%) | 134 (19.39%) | 85 (25.76%) | |
| Yes -for 2 responsibilities | 169 (16.55%) | 117 (16.93%) | 52 (15.76%) | |
| Yes -for 3 responsibilities | 169 (16.55%) | 105 (15.20%) | 64 (19.39%) | |
| Yes -for 4 responsibilities | 119 (11.66%) | 77 (11.14%) | 42 (12.73%) | |
| Did not receive healthcare for self or child when needed (Primary Outcome) | No | 213 (64.55%) | ||
| Yes | 117 (35.45%) | |||
| Delayed seeking healthcare for self or child (Secondary Outcome) | No | 249 (75.45%) | ||
| Yes | 81 (24.55%) | |||
a
This terminology represents that of the Government of India data collection process.