Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| All patients (n=703) | Vaccine group (n=536) | Hybrid group (n=167) | Controls (n=149) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 56 (45–65) | 59 (49–67) | 44 (34–55) | 45 (35–56) |
| Female | 398 (57%) | 307 (57%) | 91 (54%) | 131 (88%) |
| Male | 305 (43%) | 229 (43%) | 76 (46%) | 18 (12%) |
| Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 26 (23–29) | 26 (23–29) | 26 (23–29) | .. |
| Current smoker | 62 (9%) | 50 (9%) | 12 (7%) | .. |
| Immune-mediated inflammatory disease | ||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 256 (36%) | 225 (42%) | 31 (19%) | .. |
| Spondyloarthritis | 107 (15%) | 85 (16%) | 22 (13%) | .. |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 115 (16%) | 89 (17%) | 26 (16%) | .. |
| Crohn's disease | 130 (18%) | 85 (16%) | 45 (27%) | .. |
| Ulcerative colitis | 95 (14%) | 52 (10%) | 43 (26%) | .. |
| Medication | ||||
| TNF inhibitor, monotherapy* | 275 (39%) | 189 (35%) | 86 (51%) | .. |
| TNF inhibitor, combination therapy† | 152 (22%) | 111 (21%) | 41 (25%) | .. |
| Methotrexate | 126 (18%) | 111 (21%) | 15 (9%) | .. |
| Vedolizumab | 28 (4%) | 21 (4%) | 7 (4%) | .. |
| Janus kinase inhibitor | 21 (3%) | 18 (3%) | 3 (2%) | .. |
| Rituximab | 47 (7%) | 44 (8%) | 3 (2%) | .. |
| Interleukin inhibitor‡ | 39 (6%) | 30 (6%) | 9 (5%) | .. |
| Abatacept | 6 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 0 | .. |
| Other§ | 9 (1%) | 6 (1%) | 3 (2%) | .. |
| First vaccine | ||||
| BNT162b2 | 527 (75%) | 407 (76%) | 120 (72%) | 66 (44%) |
| mRNA-1273 | 159 (23%) | 119 (22%) | 40 (24%) | 38 (26%) |
| ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 | 17 (2%) | 10 (2%) | 7 (4%) | 45 (30%) |
| Second vaccine | ||||
| BNT162b2 | 542 (77%) | 415 (77%) | 127 (76%) | 110 (74%) |
| mRNA-1273 | 161 (23%) | 121 (23%) | 40 (24%) | 39 (26%) |
| Third vaccine | ||||
| BNT162b2 | 428 (61%) | 319 (60%) | 109 (65%) | 140 (94%) |
| mRNA-1273 | 275 (39%) | 217 (40%) | 58 (35%) | 9 (6%) |
| Fourth vaccine or COVID-19 | ||||
| BNT162b2 | 241 (34%) | 241 (45%) | .. | .. |
| mRNA-1273 | 295 (42%) | 295 (55%) | .. | .. |
| COVID-19¶ | 167 (24%) | .. | 167 (100%) | .. |
| Vaccine series | ||||
| BNT162b2, homogenous series | .. | 172 (32%) | 90 (54%) | 60 (40%) |
| mRNA-1273, homogenous series | .. | 72 (13%) | 27 (16%) | 5 (3%) |
| Combination of vaccines‖ | .. | 292 (54%) | 50 (30%) | 84 (56%) |
Data are median (IQR) or n (%).
*
TNF inhibitors: infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol.
†
Combination therapy: TNF inhibitor in combination with methotrexate, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, or azathioprine.
‡
Ustekinumab, secukinumab, and tocilizumab.
§
Leflunomide, sulfasalazine, and azathioprine.
¶
COVID-19 after three vaccine doses (hybrid immunity).
‖
Combination of the following vaccines: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273.