Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the diabetic population.
| Nonapparent DR (n = 23) |
Mild/moderate NPDR (n = 13) |
Advanced NPDR/PDR (n = 14) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 71.6 ± 9.6 | 72.1 ± 7.9 | 69.1 ± 9.5 | 0.77 |
| Gender F n (%) | 11 (48) | 6 (46) | 7 (50) | 0.98 |
| Known duration of diabetes (years; mean ± SD) | 15.0 ± 12.9 | 14.0 ± 5.1 | 17.1 ± 10.4 | 0.49 |
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 28.8 ± 5.6 | 29.4 ± 5.5 | 32.0 ± 8.3 | 0.79 |
| Dyslipidemia n (%) | 15 (65) | 8 (62) | 7 (50) | 0.55 |
| Hypertension n (%) | 17 (74) | 9 (70) | 11 (79) | 0.83 |
| Medication:n(%) | ||||
| Insulin | 8 (35) | 8 (62) | 10 (71) | 0.09 |
| Metformin | 15 (65) | 7 (54) | 7 (50) | 0.62 |
| Statin | 16 (70) | 8 (62) | 6 (43) | 0.32 |
| Fibrate | 1 (4) | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.59 |
Abbreviations: DR: diabetic retinopathy; NPDR: non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR: proliferative DR; SD: standard deviation; F: female; BMI: body mass index.