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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Genet. 2022 Aug 11;23(12):760–771. doi: 10.1038/s41576-022-00521-5

Figure 3. EcDNA movement and location during the cell cycle.

Figure 3.

During S-phase, extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) molecules relocate from the periphery to the centre of the nucleus. Replication occurs, resulting in double-minute shaped sister ecDNA chromatids, prior to the initiation of mitosis. During mitosis, ecDNAs randomly bind to chromosome ends and divide unequally to daughter cells. During anaphase, ecDNAs that are not tethered to chromosomal ends are clustered, are not carried into the newly forming daughter nuclei and remain in one daughter cell in micronuclei.