TABLE 4.
The cumulative incidence rates of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events per the annual height decrease rate in patients aged ≥ 60 years.
| All | Male | Female | |||||||
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| Annual rate of height decrease†† | Annual rate of height decrease†† | Annual rate of height decrease†† | |||||||
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| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | |
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| (N = 42,139) | (N = 8,368) | (N = 3,711) | (N = 20,341) | (N = 3,365) | (N = 1,353) | (N = 21,798) | (N = 5,003) | (N = 2,358) | |
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| Cumulative incidence rate† | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
| MACCE | |||||||||
| 1st year | 637 (1.5) | 165 (2.0) | 83 (2.2) | 355 (1.8) | 75 (2.2) | 32 (2.4) | 282 (1.3) | 90 (1.8) | 51 (2.2) |
| 2nd year | 1,295 (3.1) | 306 (3.7) | 148 (4.0) | 706 (3.5) | 135 (4.0) | 58 (4.3) | 589 (2.7) | 171 (3.4) | 90 (3.8) |
| 3rd year | 1,923 (4.6) | 457 (5.5) | 244 (6.6) | 1,033 (5.1) | 194 (5.8) | 98 (7.2) | 890 (4.1) | 263 (5.3) | 146 (6.2) |
| 4th year | 2,646 (6.3) | 620 (7.4) | 329 (8.9) | 1,439 (7.1) | 258 (7.7) | 133 (9.8) | 1,207 (5.5) | 362 (7.2) | 196 (8.3) |
| All | 6,501 (15.4) | 1,548 (18.5) | 804 (21.7) | 3,533 (17.5) | 662 (19.7) | 321 (23.7) | 2,968 (13.6) | 886 (17.7) | 483 (20.5) |
| Cardiac death | |||||||||
| 1st year | 22 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) | 6 (0.2) | 16 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 6 (0.03) | 2 (0.04) | 3 (0.1) |
| 2nd year | 69 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 8 (0.2) | 47 (0.2) | 6 (0.2) | 5 (0.4) | 22 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) |
| 3rd year | 122 (0.3) | 24 (0.3) | 21 (0.6) | 77 (0.4) | 11 (0.3) | 10 (0.7) | 45 (0.2) | 13 (0.3) | 11 (0.5) |
| 4th year | 201 (0.5) | 43 (0.5) | 38 (1.0) | 123 (0.6) | 20 (0.6) | 16 (1.2) | 78 (0.4) | 23 (0.5) | 22 (0.9) |
| All | 414 (1.0) | 83 (1.0) | 73 (2.0) | 263 (1.3) | 40 (1.2) | 34 (2.5) | 151 (0.7) | 43 (0.9) | 39 (1.6) |
| Non-fatal MI | |||||||||
| 1st year | 77 (0.2) | 25 (0.3) | 8 (0.2) | 55 (0.3) | 16 (0.5) | 4 (0.3) | 22 (0.1) | 9 (0.2) | 4 (0.2) |
| 2nd year | 148 (0.4) | 41 (0.5) | 15 (0.4) | 95 (0.5) | 24 (0.7) | 6 (0.4) | 53 (0.2) | 17 (0.3) | 9 (0.4) |
| 3rd year | 232 (0.6) | 58 (0.7) | 29 (0.8) | 145 (0.7) | 33 (1.0) | 15 (1.1) | 87 (0.4) | 25 (0.5) | 14 (0.6) |
| 4th year | 318 (0.8) | 77 (0.9) | 38 (1.0) | 207 (1.0) | 40 (1.2) | 18 (1.3) | 111 (0.5) | 37 (0.7) | 20 (0.9) |
| All | 775 (1.8) | 201 (2.4) | 90 (2.4) | 502 (2.5) | 113 (3.4) | 43 (3.1) | 273 (1.2) | 88 (1.7) | 47 (2.1) |
| Stroke | |||||||||
| 1st year | 529 (1.3) | 139 (1.7) | 62 (1.7) | 284 (1.4) | 62 (1.8) | 22 (1.6) | 245 (1.1) | 77 (1.5) | 40 (1.7) |
| 2nd year | 1,063 (2.5) | 253 (3.0) | 121 (3.3) | 568 (2.8) | 107 (3.2) | 46 (3.4) | 495 (2.3) | 146 (2.9) | 75 (3.2) |
| 3rd year | 1,559 (3.7) | 367 (4.4) | 187 (5.0) | 822 (4.0) | 149 (4.4) | 70 (5.2) | 737 (3.4) | 218 (4.4) | 117 (5.0) |
| 4th year | 2,091 (5.0) | 487 (5.8) | 243 (6.6) | 1,112 (5.5) | 197 (5.9) | 94 (7.0) | 979 (4.5) | 290 (5.8) | 149 (6.3) |
| All | 5,242 (12.4) | 1,246 (14.9) | 613 (16.5) | 2,786 (13.7) | 515 (15.3) | 232 (17.2) | 2,456 (11.3) | 731 (14.6) | 381 (16.2) |
| Hospitalization for HF | |||||||||
| 1st year | 44 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) | 8 (0.2) | 26 (0.1) | 4 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 18 (0.1) | 4 (0.1) | 5 (0.2) |
| 2nd year | 90 (0.2) | 22 (0.3) | 13 (0.4) | 48 (0.2) | 14 (0.4) | 6 (0.4) | 42 (0.2) | 8 (0.2) | 7 (0.3) |
| 3rd year | 135 (0.3) | 41 (0.5) | 25 (0.7) | 71 (0.4) | 21 (0.6) | 11 (0.8) | 64 (0.3) | 20 (0.4) | 14 (0.6) |
| 4th year | 208 (0.5) | 59 (0.7) | 37 (1.0) | 107 (0.5) | 25 (0.7) | 17 (1.3) | 101 (0.5) | 34 (0.7) | 20 (0.9) |
| All | 477 (1.1) | 130 (1.6) | 83 (2.2) | 252 (1.2) | 64 (1.8) | 37 (2.7) | 225 (1.1) | 66 (1.4) | 46 (2.0) |
MACCE, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events; MI, myocardial infarction; HF, heart failure.
†After observing the degrees of height reduction for 10 years from 2002, we annually calculated cumulative incidence rate of MACCE from January of 2012.
††Annual rate of height decrease: Group 1 (<0.3 cm), Group 2 (0.3–<0.6 cm), and Group 3 (≥0.6 cm).