Table 2.
Comparison of treatment characteristics and outcome between early (< day 7) and late (≥ day 7) DCI onset
| Early DCI (n = 90) | Late DCI (n = 83) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCI detection, no. (%) | |||
| Clinical DCI | 37 (41.1) | 31 (37.3) | 0.613 |
| Metabolic DCI | 39 (59.1) | 35 (59.3) | 0.979 |
| Radiological DCI | 71 (81.6) | 73 (91.3) | 0.071 |
| Silent infarction, no. (%) | 24 (26.7) | 26 (31.3) | 0.499 |
| DCI treatment, no. (%) | |||
| iHT | 73 (81.1) | 64 (77.1) | 0.517 |
| ERT | 39 (43.3) | 40 (48.2) | 0.521 |
| Spasmolysis | 32 (35.6) | 37 (44.6) | 0.225 |
| Continuous spasmolysis | 17 (18.9) | 12 (14.5) | 0.361 |
| Clinical outcome | |||
| DCI-related infarction, no. (%) | 46 (51.1) | 43 (51.8) | 0.972 |
| Lag DCI-related infarction, mean ± SD | 4.5 ± 1.7 | 9.6 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 |
| Favorable outcome (GOSE scores 5–8), no. (%) | 37 (41.1) | 31 (37.3) | 0.987 |
| Unfavorable outcome (GOSE scores 1–4), no. (%) | 42 (46.7) | 35 (42.2) | |
| Overall mortality, no. (%) | 29 (32.2) | 21 (25.3) | 0.496 |
| DCI-related mortality, no. (%) | 20 (22.2) | 7 (8.4) | 0.013 |
| ICU LOS, days ± SD | 28.7 ± 17.5 | 30.9 ± 17.0 | 0.391 |
| ICU-related complications, no. (%) | |||
| Pneumonia | 55 (61.1) | 42 (50.6) | 0.164 |
| UTI | 76 (84.4) | 69 (83.1) | 0.684 |
| SIRS | 53 (58.9) | 42 (50.6) | 0.274 |
| Sepsis | 24 (26.7) | 15 (18.1) | 0.177 |
| Stunned myocardium | 11 (12.2) | 7 (8.4) | 0.415 |
| Cranial complications, no. (%) | |||
| ICP crisis | 33 (36.7) | 27 (32.5) | 0.517 |
| DHC | 24 (26.7) | 22 (26.5) | 0.981 |
Bold values indicate p < 0.05
DCI Delayed cerebral ischemia, DHC Decompressive hemicraniectomy, ERT Endovascular rescue treatment, GOSE Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, ICP Intracranial pressure, ICU Intensive care unit, iHT Induced hypertension, LOS Length of stay, SIRS Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, UTI Urinary tract infection