Table 3.
Comparison of patient, SAH, and treatment characteristics alongside outcome between patients with very late DCI (> day 14) and the remainder of patients
| Ultralate DCI (n = 6) | Other patients with DCI (n = 167) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (female/male), no. (%) | 4 (66.7)/2 (33.3) | 120 (71.9)/47 (28.1) | 0.782 |
| Risk factors | |||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 56.5 ± 19.2 | 53.9 ± 12.5 | 0.621 |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 4 (66.7) | 65 (38.9) | 0.173 |
| Smoking, no. (%) | 2 | 57 (34.1) | 0.968 |
| Aneurysm location, no. (%) | |||
| Acomm | 3 (50.0) | 57 (34.1) | 0.296 |
| MCA | 3 (50.0) | 46 (27.5) | |
| ICA | 0 (0) | 27 (16.2) | |
| Others | 0 (0) | 36 (21.6) | |
| Ant. circulation | 6 (100.0) | 142 (85.0) | 0.306 |
| Post. circulation | 0 (0) | 25 (15.0) | |
| Aneurysm size diameter maximum (mm), mean ± SD | 8.2 ± 5.6 | 7.0 ± 3.7 | 0.471 |
| Hunt and Hess grade, no. (%) | 0.299 | ||
| Grade 1 | 2 (33.3) | 17 (10.2) | |
| Grade 2 | 0 (0) | 35 (21.0) | |
| Grade 3 | 1 (16.7) | 55 (32.9) | |
| Grade 4 | 2 (33.3) | 38 (22.8) | |
| Grade 5 | 1 (16.7) | 22 (13.2) | |
| Modified Fisher scale, no. (%) | 0.571 | ||
| Grade 1 | 2 (33.3) | 22 (13.2) | |
| Grade 2 | 0 (0) | 17 (10.2) | |
| Grade 3 | 1 (16.7) | 56 (33.5) | |
| Grade 4 | 3 (50.0) | 71 (42.5) | |
| DCI detection, no. (%) | |||
| Clinical DCI | 3 (50.0) | 65 (38.9) | 0.585 |
| Technical DCI | 3 (50.0) | 102 (61.1) | |
| Silent infarction, no. (%) | 4 (66.7) | 46 (27.5) | 0.038 |
| DCI treatment, no. (%) | |||
| iHT | 4 (66.7) | 133 (79.6) | 0.442 |
| ERT | 2 (33.3) | 77 (46.1) | 0.537 |
| Spasmolysis | 2 (33.3) | 67 (40.1) | 0.709 |
| Continuous spasmolysis | 0 (0) | 29 (17.4) | 0.330 |
| Clinical outcome | |||
| DCI-related infarction, no. (%) | 4 (66.7) | 85 (50.9) | 0.448 |
| Lag DCI-related infarction, mean ± SD | 15.3 ± 3.4 | 6.8 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
| Favorable outcome (GOSE scores 5–8), no. (%) | 2 (33.3) | 65 (38.9) | 0.876 |
| Unfavorable outcome (GOSE scores 1–4), no. (%) | 2 (33.3) | 74 (44.3) | |
| Overall mortality, no. (%) | 1 (16.7) | 49 (29.3) | 0.354 |
| DCI-related mortality, no. (%) | 0 (0) | 27 (16.2) | 0.284 |
| ICU LOS, days ± SD | 41.7 ± 25.4 | 29.3 ± 16.9 | 0.085 |
| Length of ventilation | 23.8 ± 20.1 | 21.5 ± 16.2 | 0.289 |
| ICU-related complications, no. (%) | |||
| Pneumonia | 3 (50.0) | 94 (56.3) | 0.760 |
| UTI | 6 (100.0) | 139 (83.2) | 0.282 |
| SIRS | 3 (50.0) | 92 (55.1) | 0.806 |
| Sepsis | 1 (16.7) | 38 (22.8) | 0.726 |
| Stunned myocardium | 1 (16.7) | 17 (10.2) | 0.609 |
| SAH-specific complications, no. (%) | |||
| Hydrocephalus | 3 (50.0) | 126 (75.4) | 0.160 |
| ICP crisis | 0 (0) | 60 (35.9) | 0.184 |
| DHC | 0 (0) | 46 (27.5) | 0.132 |
Bold values indicate p < 0.05
Acomm, anterior communication aneurysm, DCI Delayed cerebral ischemia, DHC Decompressive hemicraniectomy, ERT Endovascular rescue treatment, GOSE Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, ICA Internal carotid artery, ICP Intracranial pressure, ICU Intensive care unit, iHT Induced hypertension, LOS Length of stay, MCA Middle cerebral artery, SAH Subarachnoid hemorrhage, SD Standard deviation, SIRS Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, UTI Urinary tract infection