TABLE 2.
Key Physicochemical characteristics affecting the immune reactions to the implanted biomaterials.
| Surface characteristics | Inpacts on immune cells | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical characteristics | Roughness | evoks immune responses significantly | ||
| Exerts an impact the cell adhesion | ||||
| Particle size | unclear | |||
| Porosity and pore size | bigger pore size:decreased inflammation; enhanced angiogenesis | |||
| Chemical characteristics | Wettability | hydrophobicity | increased monocyte adhesion | |
| hydrophilicity | decreased macrophage adhesion | |||
| Charge | anionic/neutral particles | decreased inflammatotion | ||
| cationic species | enhanced inflammation | |||