Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of testicular cancer patients with lung metastasis after propensity score matching (n = 493).
| Subjects’ characteristics | No. of testicular cancer patients with LM after PSM (2010–2015) | χ 2 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With LM (%) | Without LM (%) | |||
| Age (years) | 0.14 | 0.706 | ||
| <50 | 457 (92.7) | 461 (93.5) | ||
| ≥50 | 36 (7.3) | 32 (6.5) | ||
| Race | 0.12 | 0.941 | ||
| Black | 16 (3.2) | 18 (3.7) | ||
| White | 448 (90.9) | 446 (90.5) | ||
| Others | 29 (5.9) | 29 (5.9) | ||
| Marital status | 0.27 | 0.606 | ||
| Yes | 119 (24.1) | 127 (25.8) | ||
| No | 374 (75.9) | 366 (74.2) | ||
| Grade | NA | NA | ||
| I | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| II | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.4) | ||
| III | 10 (2.0) | 9 (1.8) | ||
| IV | 4 (0.8) | 6 (1.2) | ||
| Unknown | 478 (97.0) | 476 (96.6) | ||
| Primary site | 0.65 | 0.723 | ||
| Testis | 235 (47.7) | 230 (46.7) | ||
| Descended testis | 253 (51.3) | 260 (52.7) | ||
| Undescended testis | 5 (1.0) | 3 (0.6) | ||
| Histology | 1.52 | 0.678 | ||
| Seminoma | 35 (7.1) | 31 (6.3) | ||
| Nonseminoma | 126 (25.6) | 122 (24.7) | ||
| Nongerminal neoplasm | 23 (4.7) | 17 (3.4) | ||
| Mixed tumor | 309 (62.7) | 323 (65.5) | ||
| Laterality | NA | NA | ||
| Left | 232 (47.1) | 235 (47.7) | ||
| Right | 260 (52.7) | 258 (52.3) | ||
| Bilateral | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Only one side (unspecified) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Paired site (no laterality) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Bone metastasis | 4.45 | 0.035 | ||
| Yes | 20 (4.1) | 8 (1.6) | ||
| No | 473 (95.9) | 485 (98.4) | ||
| Liver metastasis | 30.586 | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 73 (14.8) | 21 (4.3) | ||
| No | 420 (85.2) | 472 (95.7) | ||
| Brain metastasis | 28.11 | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 39 (7.9) | 4 (0.8) | ||
| No | 454 (92.1) | 489 (99.2) | ||
| T stage | 7.41 | 0.060 | ||
| T1 | 169 (34.3) | 142 (28.8) | ||
| T2 | 194 (39.4) | 236 (47.9) | ||
| T3 | 124 (25.2) | 109 (22.1) | ||
| T4 | 6 (1.2) | 6 (1.3) | ||
| N stage | 3.05 | 0.385 | ||
| N0 | 198 (40.2) | 173 (35.1) | ||
| N1 | 68 (13.8) | 71 (14.4) | ||
| N2 | 113 (22.9) | 130 (26.4) | ||
| N3 | 114 (23.1) | 119 (24.1) | ||
| Tumor size (mm) | 0.29 | 0.593 | ||
| <67 | 326 (66.1) | 317 (64.3) | ||
| ≥67 | 167 (33.9) | 176 (35.7) | ||
| Lymph nodes | 5.88 | 0.118 | ||
| Regional | 3 (0.6) | 3 (0.6) | ||
| Distant | 253 (51.3) | 289 (58.6) | ||
| None | 198 (40.2) | 173 (35.1) | ||
| Unknown | 39 (7.9) | 28 (5.7) | ||
| Lymph node size (cm) | 3.09 | 0.378 | ||
| ≤2 | 67 (13.6) | 72 (14.6) | ||
| >2 and ≤5 | 113 (22.9) | 130 (26.4) | ||
| >5 | 115 (23.3) | 118 (23.9) | ||
| None | 198 (40.2) | 173 (35.1) | ||
LM, lung metastasis; PSM, propensity score matching.