Table 1.
Demographics, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients
| Feature | Mean (SD) or frequency (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, year | 57.60 (11.29) |
| Gender, Female | 3481 (56%) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.43 (6.12) |
| Waist to Hip ratio | 0.94 (0.15) |
| Diabetes duration, year | 10.36 (7.93) |
| Hypertension | 2680 (43%) |
| SBP, mmHg | 130.14 (27.55) |
| DBP, mmHg | 78.87 (9.04) |
| Biguanides drug intake | 2656 (43%) |
| Sulfonylureas drug intake | 4943 (79%) |
| Insulin use | 394 (6%) |
| Lipid-lowering drug intake | 3811 (61%) |
| Retinopathy | 643 (12%) |
| Neuropathy | 803 (22%) |
| Diabetic foot ulcer | 82 (2%) |
| Fatty liver | 1689 (47%) |
| History of CVD | 1634 (26%) |
| Family background of Diabetes | 4181 (68%) |
| Family background of Hypertension | 2070 (40%) |
| Family background of CVD | 1511 (29%) |
| Smoking | 206 (5%) |
| Cholesterol | |
|
HDL, mg/dL LDL, mg/dL Triglyceride, mg/dL Total, mg/dL |
45.18 (11.72) 101.64 (38.97) 175.62 (109.29) 179.90 (45.26) |
| HbA1c, % | 7.73 (1.64) |
| FBS, mg/dL | 160.35 (57.49) |
| 2HPP, mg/dL | 220.85 (88.42) |
| ALP, IU/L | 158.29 (77.21) |
| AST, IU/L | 22.65 (13.06) |
| ALT, IU/L | 27.72 (18.04) |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 4.32 (1.83) |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 140.56 (4.38) |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.17 (2.23) |
| Vitamin D, ng/mL | 24.25 (15.20) |
| Serum insulin, mcU/mL | 10.49 (6.53) |