Table 4.
Microorganisms responsible for infections and antimicrobial therapy
| All population (n = 177) | Clinical failure (n = 52) |
Clinical success (n = 125) |
p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nb | Results | Nb | Results | Nb | Results | ||
| Monomicrobial infection | 177 | 71 (40.1%) | 52 | 24 (46.2%) | 125 | 47 (37.6%) | 0.29 |
| E. cloacae | 177 | 75 (42.4%) | 52 | 18 (34.6%) | 125 | 57 (45.6%) | 0.178 |
| K. aerogenes | 177 | 32 (18.1%) | 52 | 17 (32.7%) | 125 | 15 (12%) | 0.001 |
| S. marcescens | 177 | 43 (24.3%) | 52 | 13 (25%) | 125 | 30 (24%) | 0.888 |
| C. freundii | 177 | 11 (6.2%) | 52 | 2 (3.8%) | 125 | 9 (7.2%) | 0.4 |
| M. morganii | 177 | 16 (9%) | 52 | 1 (1.9%) | 125 | 15 (12%) | 0.003 |
| H. alvei | 177 | 14 (7.9%) | 52 | 5 (9.6%) | 125 | 9 (7.2%) | 0.588 |
| P. aeruginosa | 177 | 19 (10.7%) | 52 | 4 (7.7%) | 125 | 15 (12%) | 0.399 |
| S. aureus | 177 | 23 (13%) | 52 | 4 (7.7%) | 125 | 19 (15.2%) | 0.176 |
| Bacterial inoculum (cfu/mL) | 113 | 10 [1–1, 000] | 45 | 104 [103–775 × 103] | 91 | 5 × 104 [103–106] | 0.261 |
| Empirical therapy | 177 | 177 (100%) | 52 | 52 (100%) | 125 | 125 (100%) | |
| Combination therapy | 177 | 166 (93.8%) | 47 | 12 (25.5%) | 119 | 30 (25.2%) | 0.966 |
| Strains susceptible to the empirical AMB therapy | 177 | 166 (93.8%) | 52 | 47 (90.4%) | 125 | 119 (95.2%) | 0.227 |
| wtAE susceptible to the β-lactam included in empirical therapy | 177 | 163 (92.1%) | 52 | 45 (86.5%) | 125 | 118 (94.4%) | 0.078 |
| Duration of empirical antimicrobial therapy (days) | 103 | 2 [2, 3] | 33 | 2 [1–3] | 70 | 2 [2, 3] | 0.188 |
| Cefotaxime | 177 | 31 (17.5%) | 52 | 5 (9.6%) | 125 | 26 (20.8%) | 0.075 |
| Piperacillin–tazobactam | 177 | 55 (31.1%) | 52 | 14 (26.9%) | 125 | 41 (32.8%) | 0.442 |
| Cefepime | 177 | 61 (34.5%) | 52 | 19 (36.5%) | 125 | 42 (33.6%) | 0.708 |
| Imipenem | 177 | 8 (4.5%) | 52 | 3 (5.8%) | 125 | 5 (4%) | 0.606 |
| Meropenem | 177 | 6 (3.4%) | 52 | 3 (5.8%) | 125 | 3 (2.4%) | 0.259 |
| Carbapenem | 177 | 14 (7.9%) | 52 | 6 (11.5%) | 125 | 8 (6.4%) | 0.249 |
| Amikacin | 177 | 42 (23.7%) | 52 | 12 (23.1%) | 125 | 30 (24%) | 0.895 |
| Definitive antimicrobial therapy | |||||||
| Duration of antimicrobial therapy (days) | 169 | 7 [6–10] | 51 | 7 [6–9] | 118 | 7 [7–11] | 0.11 |
| Piperacillin | 177 | 18 (10.2%) | 52 | 5 (9.6%) | 125 | 13 (10.4%) | 0.875 |
| Cefotaxime | 177 | 49 (27.7%) | 52 | 8 (15.4%) | 125 | 41 (32.8%) | 0.018 |
| Piperacillin–tazobactam | 177 | 21 (11.9%) | 52 | 6 (11.5%) | 125 | 15 (12%) | 0.931 |
| Cefepime | 177 | 76 (42.9%) | 52 | 27 (51.9%) | 125 | 49 (39.2%) | 0.119 |
| Imipenem | 177 | 3 (1.7%) | 52 | 2 (3.8%) | 125 | 1 (0.8%) | 0.153 |
| Meropenem | 177 | 10 (5.6%) | 52 | 4 (7.7%) | 125 | 6 (4.8%) | 0.448 |
| Carbapenem | 177 | 13 (7.3%) | 52 | 6 (11.5%) | 125 | 7 (5.6%) | 0.168 |
Bacterial inoculum concerns only samples collected by telescopic catheters protected in ventilator-associated pneumonia. Combination therapy means the combination of two antibiotics active in vivo, on the wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales. Regarding empirical therapy, the susceptibility of strains to empirical antimicrobial therapy concerns all strains found in the sample, whether they are wtAE or not
AMB: antimicrobial; wtAE: wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales; Nb: number of available values for the data