Fig. 5.

Western blot analysis of autophagy response in FCD patient samples: Immunoblot assay for autophagy: Beclin, ATG7, ATG12-5, ATG16L1, p62, LC3B, and β-actin in control and epileptic patient resected brain samples. An equal amount of protein was loaded in SDS-PAGE, transferred onto NC membranes, blocked with nonfat milk, and then probed with a primary antibody. The lanes represent the control and FCD samples. The band/signal intensity was quantified (relative protein expression) and shown as mean ± SEM. Densitometry analysis (b–g) shows a significant increase in Beclin1, ATG7, ATG12 + 5, ATG16L1, P62, and LC3B in the FCD samples belonging to ILAE classes 2 and 3 than class 1 and controls (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001