Table 2.
Studies examining the impact of telemonitoring interventions versus comparator on satisfaction (N=9).
| Study type and authors, year, and country | Study population, N | Condition | Intervention type, number of participants, age (years), mean (n [%]) | Comparator, number of participants, age (years), mean (n [%]) | Outcomes | Follow-up | Impact of telemonitoring | |
| Randomized controlled trials | ||||||||
|
|
Bergenstal et al [22], 2005, United States | 47 | Type 2 diabetes | Automated data transmitted via modem, 24, mean 44 (SD 17), 37 men; 63 womena | Data transmitted via telephone, 23, mean 45 (SD 13), 39 men; 61 womena | Satisfaction: 5-point questionnaire; 4.30 in the phone group and 4.52 in the modem group | 4 weeks | =b |
|
|
Chau et al [28], 2012, Hong Kong | 40 | COPDc | Manual upload of data on dedicated device or software, 22, mean 73.5 (SD 6), men: 21 (95); women: 1 (5) | Usual care, 18, mean 72.2 (SD 6), men: 18 (100); women: 0 (0) | Satisfaction: 10-item questionnaire based on a 5-point system; 91% | 2 months | +d |
|
|
Edmonds et al [44], 1998, Canada | 35 | Type 2 diabetes | Mobile phone data transmission, 16, not reported, not reported | Usual care, 19, not reported, not reported | Satisfaction: patient questionnaire | 3 months | Further studies required |
|
|
Cho et al [30], 2009, South Korea | 69 | Type 2 diabetes | Mobile app, 35, mean 51.1 (SD 13.1), 26 men; 74 womena | Web-based telemonitoring system, 34, mean 51.1 (SD 13.1), 26 men; 74 womena | Satisfaction: questionnaire, internet vs phone; 81% vs 79%, respectively | 3 months | = |
|
|
Sicotte et al [95], 2011, Canada | 46 | COPD | Manual upload of data on dedicated device or software, 23, mean 73.7 (SD 9.6), men: 13 (56); women: 10 (44) | Usual care, 23, mean 75.4 (SD 9.7), men: 13 (56); women: 10 (44) | Satisfaction: 5-point questionnaire; 4.50 score | 3 months | = |
|
|
Domingo et al [42], 2012, Spain | 97 | HFe | Automated upload of data on dedicated device or software, 46, mean 66.5 (SD 11.5), men: 14 (30); women: 32 (70) | Usual care, 51, mean 66.5 (SD 11.5), men: 15 (30); women: 36 (70) | Satisfaction: 10-point questionnaire; 8.4 score | 6 months | + |
| Nonrandomized studies | ||||||||
|
|
Schoenfeld et al [91], 2004, United States | 59 | CHFf | Manual upload of data on dedicated device or software, 59, mean 64 (SD 14), men: 45 (76); women: 14 (24) | N/Ag | Satisfaction: 3-point questionnaire; 98.1% indicating ease of use of the device | 7 days | + |
|
|
Donate-Martinez et al [43], 2016, Spain | 74 | Chronic conditions (COPD, type 2 diabetes, and HF) | Manual upload of data on dedicated device or software, 74, mean 67.95 (SD 11.14), men: 49 (66); women: 25 (44) | N/A | Satisfaction: 11-item questionnaire with 10-point score; 8.63 score overall | 12 months | = |
|
|
Mira-Solves et al [77], 2014, Spain | 410 | Chronic conditions (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, CHF, and COPD) | Automated upload of data on dedicated device or software, 410, not reported, 64 men; 36 womena | N/A | Satisfaction: questionnaire, 89.4% were satisfied with the ease of use. | 24 months | + |
aAbsolute value not reported in the paper.
bNo differences between telemonitoring and usual care.
cCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
dPositive impact of telemonitoring over comparator.
eHF: heart failure.
fCHF: congestive HF.
gN/A: not applicable.