. 2022 Oct 20;102(1):102268. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102268

Table 5.

Villus height (VH), crypt cepth (CD), villus width (VW), lamina muscularis mucosae thickness (MT), villus surface area (VSA) of duodenum and ileum mucosa in broiler chickens fed control diet (CON), control diet supplemented with emulsifier (EMU), control diet supplemented with enzyme (ENZ), control diet supplemented with emulsifier and enzyme (EMU+ENZ).

Treatment	VH	CD	VW	MT	VSA	VH/CD
			(μm)		(mm²)	VH/CD
CON	1,169^B	178	150^B	169	0.566^b	6.62^B
EMU	1,320^AB	196	160^AB	148	0.687^ab	6.81^B
ENZ	1,349^AB	203	160^AB	150	0.704^a	6.67^B
EMU + ENZ	1,453^A	177	173^A	135	0.812^a	8.46^A
SEM	40.2	4.88	3.17	4.92	0.026	0.287
P - value	0.086	0.15	0.078	0.104	0.007	0.059

^a–c

Means in a column not sharing a common letter are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).

^A-C

Means in a column not sharing a common letter tend to differ (P ≤ 0.1).