Table 4.

Tools used in the assessment of PIF

Tools of assessment

- Guided feedback [101, 122] - Questionnaires [116] - Structured activity—“A Learning Experience” [116] - Brown’s Guide/ BEGAN tool (the Brown Educational Guide to the Analysis of Narrative) [101] - Reflection Evaluation for Enhanced Competences Tool Rubric (REFLECT) [86, 92, 95, 123] - Thematic scoring (“to map and grade the reflection themes”) [95] - Self-reflection and insight scale (SIRS) [115] - Groningen Reflection Ability Scale (GRAS) [115, 124] - Reflective ability rubric [114] - Reflection-in-Learning Scale [116] - Self-assessment [87] - Professional self-identity questionnaire (PSIQ) [105] - Moral reasoning assessment [87] - Observations during clinical assessments [110] - assessment of learning environments [110] - Mentor facilitated conversations [110] - Professional identity essay [80, 119, 120] - Stage-specific attribute scales (SASs) [91] - Physician professional identity survey [97] - Identity integration (IdIn) survey [97] - Developing Scale [84, 91] - Professional identity questionnaire (PIQ) [125]